Röder Susanne, Fink Bernhard, Feinberg David R, Neave Nick
Department of Sociobiology/Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Evol Psychol. 2013 Mar 1;11(1):227-37. doi: 10.1177/147470491301100119.
Women with higher-pitched voices and more feminine facial features are commonly judged as being more attractive than are women with lower-pitched voices and less feminine faces, possibly because both features are affected by (age-related) variations in endocrine status. These results are primarily derived from investigations of perceptions of variations in single-modality stimuli (i.e., faces or voices) in samples of young adult women. In the present study we sought to test whether male and female perceptions of women's voices affect visual representations of facial femininity. Eighty men and women judged voice recordings of 10 young girls (11-15 years), 10 adult women (19-28 years) and 10 peri-/post-menopausal women (50-64 years) on age, attractiveness, and femininity. Another 80 men and women were asked to indicate the face they think each voice corresponded to using a video that gradually changed from a masculine looking male face into a feminine looking female face. Both male and female participants perceived voices of young girls and adult women to be significantly younger, more attractive and feminine than those of peri-/post-menopausal women. Hearing young girls' and adult women's voices resulted in both men and women selecting faces that differed markedly in apparent femininity from those associated with peri-/post-menopausal women's voices. Voices of young girls had the strongest effect on visualizations of facial femininity. Our results suggest a cross-modal preference for women's vocal and facial femininity, which depends on female age and is independent of the perceiver's sex.
嗓音音调较高且面部特征更具女性气质的女性,通常被认为比嗓音音调较低且面部女性气质较弱的女性更具吸引力,这可能是因为这两种特征都受(与年龄相关的)内分泌状态变化的影响。这些结果主要来自对年轻成年女性样本中单模态刺激(即面部或嗓音)变化感知的研究。在本研究中,我们试图测试男性和女性对女性嗓音的感知是否会影响面部女性气质的视觉呈现。80名男性和女性对10名年轻女孩(11 - 15岁)、10名成年女性(19 - 28岁)和10名围绝经期/绝经后女性(50 - 64岁)的语音录音在年龄、吸引力和女性气质方面进行评判。另外80名男性和女性被要求通过一段从男性化的男性面孔逐渐变为女性化的女性面孔的视频,指出他们认为与每个声音相对应的面孔。男性和女性参与者都认为年轻女孩和成年女性的声音比围绝经期/绝经后女性的声音明显更年轻、更有吸引力且更具女性气质。听到年轻女孩和成年女性的声音后,男性和女性选择的面孔在明显的女性气质方面与围绝经期/绝经后女性声音所对应的面孔有显著差异。年轻女孩的声音对面部女性气质的视觉呈现影响最强。我们的结果表明,对于女性的嗓音和面部女性气质存在一种跨模态偏好,这种偏好取决于女性的年龄且与感知者的性别无关。