Fantin Alberto, Chiarioni Giuseppe
Azienda Ospedaliera Univesitaria, Verona, Italy.
Recenti Prog Med. 2013 Feb;104(2):45-8. doi: 10.1701/1241.13702.
Colorectal cancer is a leading contributing cause of death for malignancy in the general population. An efficient screening policy would result in a remarkable decrease in cancer-related mortality since a benign, fully removable adenoma is the biologic precursor in the vast majority of cases. Endoscopy of the lower bowel and fecal occult blood test are considered relevant means of providing effective cancer screening and early diagnosis of benign cancer precursors. Compliance to screening programs is key to effective cancer screening. This review deals with colorectal cancer screening programs with a particular focus on the most recent national and international guidelines on cancer screening and follow-up policies.
结直肠癌是普通人群中恶性肿瘤导致死亡的主要原因之一。由于在绝大多数病例中，良性且可完全切除的腺瘤是生物学前驱病变，因此有效的筛查策略将显著降低癌症相关死亡率。下消化道内镜检查和粪便潜血试验被认为是提供有效的癌症筛查及良性癌症前驱病变早期诊断的相关手段。对筛查项目的依从性是有效癌症筛查的关键。本综述探讨了结直肠癌筛查项目，特别关注了关于癌症筛查及后续政策的最新国内和国际指南。
