Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
J Urol. 2013 Sep;190(3):1083-9. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.03.109. Epub 2013 Mar 29.
Cdx2 is an essential transcription factor in intestinal epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation. However, to our knowledge the expression and role of Cdx2 in the development of intestinal cystitis glandularis, a metaplastic lesion induced by chronic inflammation, remained to be explored.
Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to examine Cdx2, LI-cadherin and villin expression in typical and intestinal cystitis glandularis, and normal bladder tissue. Cdx2 cDNA was subcloned to the retroviral vector pLNCX2 for subsequent transfection into human bladder urothelium cells and rat bladder urothelium. Cdx2 mRNA and protein levels, and cell morphology and proliferation were assessed after transfection using real-time polymerase chain reaction, phase contrast microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and MTT assay, respectively.
Higher mRNA levels of Cdx2, villin and LI-cadherin were detected in intestinal cystitis glandularis compared to normal bladder and typical cystitis glandularis. Only Cdx2 groups attained statistical significance (p <0.001). Retroviral over expression of Cdx2 resulted in increased mRNA and protein expression of Cdx2 as well as villin and LI-cadherin levels, and increased cell proliferation. A distinct change in cellular morphology, in which cells resembled intestinal-like cells, was also observed in vitro and in vivo.
Cdx2 may have a critical role in regulating intestinal metaplasia in cystitis glandularis. Further studies are planned to assess the potential of using Cdx2 as a marker and therapeutic target for cystitis glandularis.
Cdx2 是肠上皮细胞分化和增殖所必需的转录因子。然而，据我们所知，Cdx2 在由慢性炎症引起的肠型腺性膀胱炎（一种化生病变）的发展中的表达和作用仍有待探索。
使用实时聚合酶链反应检测典型和肠型腺性膀胱炎以及正常膀胱组织中 Cdx2、LI-钙粘蛋白和微绒毛蛋白的表达。Cdx2 cDNA 被亚克隆到逆转录病毒载体 pLNCX2 中，然后转染入人膀胱尿路上皮细胞和大鼠膀胱尿路上皮细胞。转染后使用实时聚合酶链反应、相差显微镜、透射电子显微镜和 MTT 测定分别评估 Cdx2 mRNA 和蛋白水平以及细胞形态和增殖。
与正常膀胱和典型腺性膀胱炎相比，肠型腺性膀胱炎中 Cdx2、微绒毛蛋白和 LI-钙粘蛋白的 mRNA 水平更高。只有 Cdx2 组有统计学意义（p<0.001）。Cdx2 的逆转录病毒过表达导致 Cdx2、微绒毛蛋白和 LI-钙粘蛋白的 mRNA 和蛋白表达增加，细胞增殖增加。体外和体内观察到细胞形态发生明显变化，细胞类似于肠样细胞。
Cdx2 可能在调节腺性膀胱炎中的肠型化生中起关键作用。计划进一步研究以评估 Cdx2 作为腺性膀胱炎标志物和治疗靶点的潜力。
