Department of Cardiology, SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Chennai, India.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2013 Aug;69(8):1497-509. doi: 10.1007/s00228-013-1498-4. Epub 2013 Apr 2.
The management of schizophrenia has seen significant strides over the last few decades, due to the increasing availability of a number of antipsychotics. Yet, the diminished efficacy in relation to the negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia, and the disturbing adverse reactions associated with the current antipsychotics, reflect the need for better molecules targeting unexplored pathways.
To review the salient features of the recently approved antipsychotics; namely, iloperidone, asenapine, lurasidone and blonanserin.
We discuss the advantages, limitations and place in modern pharmacotherapy of each of these drugs. In addition, we briefly highlight the new targets that are being explored.
Promising strategies include modulation of the glutamatergic and GABAergic pathways, as well as cholinergic systems.
Although regulatory bodies have approved only a handful of antipsychotics in recent years, the wide spectrum of targets that are being explored could eventually bring out antipsychotics with improved efficacy and acceptability, as well as the potential to revolutionize psychiatric practice.
由于多种抗精神病药物的日益普及，过去几十年中，精神分裂症的治疗取得了重大进展。然而，抗精神病药物治疗精神分裂症阴性症状和认知症状的疗效降低，以及与现有抗精神病药物相关的令人不安的不良反应，反映出需要更好的针对未探索途径的分子。
综述最近批准的抗精神病药物，即依匹哌唑、阿塞那平、鲁拉西酮和布南色林的显著特征。
我们讨论了这些药物各自的优势、局限性和在现代药物治疗中的地位。此外，我们还简要介绍了正在探索的新靶点。
有前途的策略包括调节谷氨酸能和 GABA 能途径以及胆碱能系统。
尽管监管机构近年来仅批准了少数几种抗精神病药物，但正在探索的广泛靶点最终可能会带来疗效和可接受性更好的抗精神病药物，并有可能彻底改变精神科实践。
