O'Connor C, Stuart B, Fitzpatrick C, Turner M J, Kennelly M M
UCD Centre for Human Reproduction, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
J Obstet Gynaecol. 2013 Apr;33(3):239-45. doi: 10.3109/01443615.2012.753423.
Detecting aberrant fetal growth has long been an important goal of modern obstetrics. Failure to diagnose abnormal fetal growth results in perinatal morbidity or mortality. However, the erroneous diagnosis of abnormal growth may lead to increased maternal anxiety and unnecessary obstetric interventions. We review the aetiology of deviant fetal growth and its implications both for the neonatal period and later in adult life. We examine maternal factors that may influence fetal growth such as obesity, glycaemic control and body composition. We discuss novel ways to improve our detection of abnormal fetal growth with a view to optimising antenatal care and clinical outcomes. These include using customised centiles or individualised growth assessment methods to improve accuracy. The role of fetal subcutaneous measurements as a surrogate marker of the nutritional status of the baby is also discussed. Finally, we investigate the role of Doppler measurements in identifying growth-restricted babies.
长期以来，检测胎儿生长异常一直是现代产科学的一个重要目标。未能诊断出胎儿生长异常会导致围产期发病或死亡。然而，对生长异常的错误诊断可能会导致孕妇焦虑增加以及不必要的产科干预。我们回顾了胎儿生长异常的病因及其对新生儿期和成年后期的影响。我们研究了可能影响胎儿生长的母体因素，如肥胖、血糖控制和身体组成。我们讨论了改进胎儿生长异常检测的新方法，以期优化产前护理和临床结果。这些方法包括使用定制的百分位数或个体化生长评估方法来提高准确性。还讨论了胎儿皮下测量作为婴儿营养状况替代指标的作用。最后，我们研究了多普勒测量在识别生长受限婴儿方面的作用。
