Ghent University; Utrecht University.
Child Dev. 2013 Nov-Dec;84(6):2015-30. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12092. Epub 2013 Mar 28.
This study examined whether changes in children's self-reported Big Five dimensions are represented by (developmental) personality types, using a cohort-sequential design with three measurement occasions across 5 years (four cohorts, 9-12 years at T1; N = 523). Correlates of, and gender differences in, type membership were examined. Latent class growth modeling yielded three personality types: Resilients (highest initial levels on all Big Five), Overcontrollers (lowest Extraversion, Emotional Stability, Imagination), and Undercontrollers (lowest Benevolence, Conscientiousness). Gender differences in type membership were small. Warm parenting, but not overreactive discipline, in childhood was associated with type membership. The types differed in adjustment problems by the end of middle adolescence. Personality change more likely occurs at the level of dimensions within types than in type membership.
本研究使用队列序列设计，在 5 年内进行了三次测量（四个队列，T1 时为 9-12 岁；N=523），考察了儿童自我报告的大五维度的变化是否由（发展性）人格类型来表示。研究考察了类型成员的相关性和性别差异。潜在类别增长模型产生了三种人格类型：韧性者（所有大五维度的初始水平最高）、过度控制者（外向性、情绪稳定性、想象力最低）和不足控制者（仁慈、尽责性最低）。类型成员的性别差异很小。童年时期温暖的养育方式，但不是过度反应的纪律，与类型成员有关。到青春期中期结束时，不同类型的适应问题也不同。人格变化更可能发生在类型内维度的水平上，而不是类型成员的水平上。
