Lavigne-Rebillard M, Pujol R
INSERM U. 254, Laboratoire de Neurobiologie de l'Audition, Hôpital St. Charles, Montpellier, France.
J Electron Microsc Tech. 1990 Jun;15(2):115-22. doi: 10.1002/jemt.1060150204.
This paper brings together the most recent findings concerning the development of human fetus cochlear hair cells, as observed using transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM). Specific attention is drawn to the formation of synapses and the growth of stereocilia. In both types of hair cells, synaptogenesis begins before ciliogenesis (week 10 of gestation versus week 12). In the inner hair cell (IHC), an adultlike stage is seen around week 15 for synapses, but not before week 22 for stereocilia. In the outer hair cell (OHC), both synapses and stereocilia are not yet fully mature at week 22. Classic gradients of maturation are found: a base-to-apex gradient, and an IHC-to-OHC gradient. By comparing these results with the anatomical and functional data on cochlear development in laboratory mammals, the onset of cochlear function in the human fetus can be estimated to occur around week 18. The completion of cochlear maturation based upon the same anatomical criteria should occur about 10 weeks later.
本文汇总了使用透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜（TEM和SEM）观察到的有关人类胎儿耳蜗毛细胞发育的最新研究结果。特别关注了突触的形成和静纤毛的生长。在这两种类型的毛细胞中，突触发生在纤毛发生之前（妊娠第10周与第12周）。在内毛细胞（IHC）中，突触在第15周左右达到类似成人的阶段，但静纤毛直到第22周才达到。在外毛细胞（OHC）中，突触和静纤毛在第22周时均未完全成熟。发现了典型的成熟梯度：从基部到顶部的梯度，以及从IHC到OHC的梯度。通过将这些结果与实验室哺乳动物耳蜗发育的解剖学和功能数据进行比较，可以估计人类胎儿耳蜗功能的起始时间约为第18周。基于相同解剖学标准的耳蜗成熟完成时间应在大约10周后。
