Migal Galilee Research institute, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona, 11016, Israel.
Pest Manag Sci. 2014 Feb;70(2):234-9. doi: 10.1002/ps.3543. Epub 2013 Jul 4.
The pear psylla, Cacopsylla bidens (Šulc), is one of the most damaging pests of commercial pear orchards in Israel. Psylla control is a major obstacle to efficient integrated pest management, necessitating research on cultivars with natural resistance to pear psylla. Recently, two pear accessions (Py.760-261 and Py.701-202) from the local Newe Ya'ar fruit tree live collection were identified as having apparent resistance to pear psylla. Our goal was to evaluate the resistance of these two accessions relative to the commercial cultivar Spadona Estiva, and to identify whether the resistance mechanisms in the former interfere with insect colonisation of the plant (antixenosis) or inhibit insect growth, development, reproduction and survival (antibiosis).
Settlement and development of C. bidens was evaluated under natural conditions (pear orchard), semi-natural conditions (potted plants), and on detached branches and leaves (laboratory). Our results indicate that the selection Py.760-261 is 10 times more resistant than Spadona while Py.701-202 is five times more resistant.
The resistance mechanism in both accessions appears to be antibiosis affecting nymph survival. These resistant accessions may be used as rootstock or as a source of resistant genes in breeding programmes.
梨木虱，Cacopsylla bidens（Šulc），是以色列商业梨园中最具破坏性的害虫之一。梨木虱的防治是综合虫害管理的主要障碍，因此需要研究具有天然抗梨木虱能力的品种。最近，从当地 Newe Ya'ar 果树活体收集的两个梨品种（Py.760-261 和 Py.701-202）被鉴定为对梨木虱具有明显的抗性。我们的目标是评估这两个品种相对于商业品种 Spadona Estiva 的抗性，并确定前者的抗性机制是否干扰昆虫对植物的定殖（抗生性）或抑制昆虫的生长、发育、繁殖和存活（抑菌性）。
在自然条件（梨园）、半自然条件（盆栽植物）和离体枝条和叶片（实验室）下评估了 C. bidens 的定殖和发育。我们的结果表明，选择品系 Py.760-261 的抗性比 Spadona 高 10 倍，而 Py.701-202 的抗性高 5 倍。
两个品种的抗性机制似乎都是抑菌性的，影响若虫的存活。这些抗性品种可用作砧木或在育种计划中作为抗性基因的来源。
