Chervenkov Hristo
National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology - branch Plovdiv, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Springerplus. 2013 Dec;2(1):78. doi: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-78. Epub 2013 Mar 5.
An appropriate method for evaluating the air quality of a certain area is to contrast the actual air pollution levels to the critical ones, prescribed in the legislative standards. The application of numerical simulation models for assessing the real air quality status is allowed by the legislation of the European Community (EC). This approach is preferable, especially when the area of interest is relatively big and/or the network of measurement stations is sparse, and the available observational data are scarce, respectively. Such method is very efficient for similar assessment studies due to continuous spatio-temporal coverage of the obtained results. In the study the values of the concentration of the harmful substances sulphur dioxide, (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter - coarse (PM10) and fine (PM2.5) fraction, ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO) and ammonia (NH3) in the surface layer obtained from modelling simulations with resolution 10 km on hourly bases are taken to calculate the necessary statistical quantities which are used for comparison with the corresponding critical levels, prescribed in the EC directives. For part of them (PM2.5, CO and NH3) this is done for first time with such resolution. The computational grid covers Bulgaria entirely and some surrounding territories and the calculations are made for every year in the period 1991-2000. The averaged over the whole time slice results can be treated as representative for the air quality situation of the last decade of the former century.
评估某一地区空气质量的一种合适方法是将实际空气污染水平与立法标准中规定的临界水平进行对比。欧盟（EC）的立法允许应用数值模拟模型来评估实际空气质量状况。这种方法更可取，特别是当感兴趣的区域相对较大和/或测量站网络稀疏，且可用观测数据稀缺时。由于所获得结果具有连续的时空覆盖范围，这种方法对于类似的评估研究非常有效。在该研究中，采用每小时一次、分辨率为10公里的模拟结果来获取表层中有害物质二氧化硫（SO₂）、二氧化氮（NO₂）、粗颗粒物（PM₁₀）和细颗粒物（PM₂.₅）、臭氧（O₃）、一氧化碳（CO）和氨（NH₃）的浓度值，以计算必要的统计量，用于与欧盟指令中规定的相应临界水平进行比较。对于其中部分物质（PM₂.₅、CO和NH₃），这是首次以这样的分辨率进行。计算网格完全覆盖保加利亚及其一些周边地区，并对1991 - 2000年期间的每年进行计算。整个时间段的平均结果可被视为代表上世纪最后十年的空气质量状况。
