Okazaki N, Yamaguchi E, Itoh A, Abe S, Terai T, Kawakami Y
First Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi. 1990 Jan;28(1):113-20.
We developed a hypersensitivity pneumonitis model by sensitizing rabbits intratracheally (IT) twice after two subcutaneous sensitizations (SS), and investigated the serial changes in the production of antibody against micropolyspora faeni (Mf), macrophage migration inhibition test (MIT), and histopathologic features. On the third day after the last IT, the proportions of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) increased. The antibody levels of Mf specific-antigen in BALF decreased transiently, but those in serum began to increase. The number of AFC in spleen increased rapidly. Histopathologic examination revealed alveolitis and prominent acute pneumonia. On the seventh day after the last IT, the proportion of lymphocytes in BALF, the antibody levels of Mf specific-antigen in BALF, the number of AFC in BALF, and the percent inhibition of MIT were highest. Histopathologic features were characterized by the formation of prominent epithelioid granulomas. On the fourteenth day after the last IT, these features returned to the state of untreated group. These results indicate that the lesions in this HP model are formed by both type III and type IV immune reactions (Coombs-Gall). It was concluded that the seventh day after the last IT was most appropriate for the study of pathophysiology of human HP.
我们通过在两次皮下致敏（SS）后对家兔进行两次气管内（IT）致敏，建立了超敏性肺炎模型，并研究了针对嗜热放线菌（Mf）抗体产生、巨噬细胞移动抑制试验（MIT）及组织病理学特征的系列变化。在最后一次IT后的第3天，支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中中性粒细胞比例增加。BALF中Mf特异性抗原的抗体水平短暂下降，但血清中的抗体水平开始升高。脾脏中抗体形成细胞（AFC）数量迅速增加。组织病理学检查显示肺泡炎和明显的急性肺炎。在最后一次IT后的第7天，BALF中淋巴细胞比例、BALF中Mf特异性抗原的抗体水平、BALF中AFC数量及MIT的抑制百分比最高。组织病理学特征表现为明显的上皮样肉芽肿形成。在最后一次IT后的第14天，这些特征恢复到未治疗组的状态。这些结果表明，该超敏性肺炎模型中的病变是由III型和IV型免疫反应（库姆斯-盖尔）共同形成的。得出的结论是，最后一次IT后的第7天最适合用于研究人类超敏性肺炎的病理生理学。
