Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2013 Jul;115(3):552-61. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2013.01.012. Epub 2013 Apr 1.
This study examined the relation between preschool children's emotion knowledge and their ability to recall emotionally salient information. In total, 42 participants (ages 35-65months) viewed a brief video in which a child played with different toys and expressed one of four basic emotions (happy, sad, angry, or afraid) or a neutral expression in each of 10 vignettes. Children were tested on memory accuracy from the vignettes, and their emotion knowledge was also measured. Results indicated that preschoolers' emotion knowledge was significantly related to memory accuracy for emotion information above and beyond the effect of age or receptive language skills. Tests of a mediation model revealed that emotion knowledge fully mediated the effect of age (or general developmental level) on memory accuracy.
本研究考察了学前儿童情绪知识与其回忆情绪相关信息能力之间的关系。共有 42 名参与者（35-65 个月）观看了一段简短的视频，视频中一个孩子在 10 个小片段中用不同的玩具玩耍并表达了四种基本情绪（高兴、悲伤、愤怒或害怕）之一或中性表情。孩子们接受了关于小片段的记忆准确性测试，他们的情绪知识也被测量。结果表明，除了年龄或接受性语言技能的影响外，学龄前儿童的情绪知识与情绪信息的记忆准确性显著相关。对中介模型的检验表明，情绪知识完全中介了年龄（或一般发展水平）对记忆准确性的影响。
