Lovett L M, Cox A, Abou-Saleh M
Department of Psychiatry, University of Liverpool.
Med Educ. 1990 May;24(3):243-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.1990.tb00008.x.
A teaching package is described for teaching interview skills to large blocks of medical students whilst on their psychiatric attachment. The aims of this package are to reduce students' concerns about interviewing psychiatric patients, to reinforce students' knowledge of basic interviewing skills and to introduce students to the particular skills required in taking a psychiatric history and mental state examination. The package emphasizes the following teaching methods: 'hands-on' experience of interviewing a patient in front of small groups of peers; peer feedback using check-lists which focus on three major aspects of interviewing; elicitation of facts, elicitation of feelings and control of the interview; facilitation of small-group discussions in the presence of senior psychiatrist. The active involvement of all students in interviewing psychiatric patients engages them in the learning process. Peer involvement increases motivation and was deemed by students as a supportive and constructive exercise. The presence of a senior psychiatrist ensures that discussion is focused on the process of interviewing rather than on patient pathology. Ideally this package would precede focused training throughout the subsequent psychiatric placement.
本文介绍了一种教学包，用于在医学生进行精神科实习期间，向大批学生传授访谈技巧。该教学包的目的是减少学生对访谈精神科患者的担忧，强化学生对基本访谈技巧的认识，并向学生介绍获取精神科病史和进行精神状态检查所需的特殊技巧。该教学包强调以下教学方法：在一小群同龄人面前对患者进行访谈的“实践”经验；使用关注访谈三个主要方面的清单进行同伴反馈；引出事实、引出感受和控制访谈；在资深精神科医生在场的情况下促进小组讨论。所有学生积极参与访谈精神科患者，使他们参与到学习过程中。同伴参与提高了积极性，学生们认为这是一项支持性和建设性的活动。资深精神科医生的在场确保讨论集中在访谈过程而非患者的病情上。理想情况下，该教学包应在随后整个精神科实习期间的集中培训之前使用。
