Ward N G, Stein L
J Med Educ. 1975 Jun;50(6):605-14.
Following an extensive review of the literature on the teaching of interviewing to medical students and psychiatry residents, the authors conclude that too much teaching emphasis has been given to the content of the interview and not enough to the process of the interview. A new method to teach interviewing skills to residents in psychiatry is described. The method focuses entirely on the interpersonal aspects of the interview. Within a seminar format, each resident attempts to reduce the "emotional distance" between himself and a patient. Much consideration is given to the individual emotional style of the resident. Through practice with this method and with peer and staff feedback, each resident who was studied improved in this ability, gained much affectual information from the patient, and learned many of the subtle aspects of process that are necessary for good interviewing and good psychotherapy.
在对有关向医学生和精神科住院医师传授访谈技巧的文献进行广泛综述之后，作者得出结论：在访谈教学中，对访谈内容的强调过多，而对访谈过程的关注不足。本文描述了一种向精神科住院医师传授访谈技巧的新方法。该方法完全聚焦于访谈中的人际方面。在研讨班形式下，每位住院医师尝试拉近自己与患者之间的“情感距离”。充分考虑住院医师的个人情感风格。通过运用这种方法进行练习以及获得同行和 staff 的反馈，接受研究的每位住院医师在这方面的能力都有所提高，从患者那里获取了大量情感信息，并学到了良好访谈和心理治疗所需的许多细微的过程方面的知识。 （注：原文中“staff”直译为“工作人员”，结合语境这里可理解为“带教老师等工作人员” ）
