经验对轮椅推进能量消耗的影响。
The effects of experience on the energy cost of wheelchair propulsion.
机构信息
Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University,Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK -
出版信息
Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2013 Dec;49(6):865-73. Epub 2013 Apr 5.
BACKGROUND
Gross mechanical efficiency (GE) of experienced wheelchair users is significantly higher than novice able-bodied individuals suggesting energy expenditure (EE) may be reduced in experienced individuals. With knowledge of the energy expended during wheelchair propulsion, nutritional recommendations can be provided for individuals in their early stages of rehabilitation and for habituated wheelchair users.
AIM
To investigate the effects of experience on EE during wheelchair propulsion at fixed power outputs (PO's).
DESIGN
This was an experimental study.
SETTING
The experiment was conducted in a controlled University laboratory.
POPULATION
Thirty-one individuals took part in this study.
METHODS
Participants were assigned to a group in accordance to their wheelchair propulsion experience: 1) novice able-bodied individuals (NOV; N.=11), 2) able-bodied individuals habituated to three weeks practice (PRAC; N.=11) and 3) experienced paraplegic daily-wheelchair users (EXP; N.=9). Oxygen uptake, EE, GE% and HR were measured during wheelchair propulsion on a motorised treadmill at 10, 18 and 26 W.
RESULTS
Energy expenditure analysis revealed a significant main effect of PO and group (P<0.01) and a significant group by PO interaction (P<0.01). Follow-up pair-wise comparisons revealed significantly lower EE in EXP compared to both other groups (P<0.01), but no difference was shown between NOV and PRAC (P=0.15). A lower relative EE of 20, 22 and 32% was reported in the EXP group compared to the NOV group at 10, 18 and 26 W respectively. In comparison to the PRAC group, the EE of the EXP group was 10, 16 and 26% lower in relative terms at the same PO's respectively.
CONCLUSION
The EXP expended less EE compared to both NOV and PRAC.
CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT
This finding has great implications for nutritionists and health care professionals working in the field of physical activity and weight management since the EE is influenced by experience.
背景
有经验的轮椅使用者的总机械效率（GE）明显高于新手，这表明经验丰富的个体的能量消耗（EE）可能会降低。了解轮椅推进过程中的能量消耗，可以为康复早期的个体和习惯使用轮椅的个体提供营养建议。
目的
研究经验对固定功率输出（PO）下轮椅推进时 EE 的影响。
设计
这是一项实验研究。
地点
该实验在受控的大学实验室进行。
人群
31 人参与了这项研究。
方法
根据轮椅推进经验将参与者分为三组：1）新手（NOV；N.=11），2）习惯三周练习的健康人（PRAC；N.=11）和 3）习惯每天使用轮椅的截瘫患者（EXP；N.=9）。在电动跑步机上以 10、18 和 26 W 的功率进行轮椅推进时，测量耗氧量、EE、GE%和 HR。
结果
能量消耗分析显示 PO 和组有显著的主效应（P<0.01），组间有显著的交互作用（P<0.01）。进一步的两两比较显示，EXP 组的 EE 明显低于其他两组（P<0.01），但 NOV 和 PRAC 之间无差异（P=0.15）。EXP 组的相对 EE 分别比 NOV 组低 20%、22%和 32%，在 10、18 和 26 W 时。与 PRAC 组相比，EXP 组在相同 PO 时的 EE 分别低 10%、16%和 26%。
结论
EXP 组的 EE 明显低于 NOV 和 PRAC 组。
临床康复影响
由于 EE 受到经验的影响，这一发现对从事体力活动和体重管理领域的营养师和医疗保健专业人员具有重要意义。
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