a Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK.
J Sports Sci. 2014;32(1):78-91. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2013.807350. Epub 2013 Jul 24.
The purpose of the study was to determine which laboratory-based modality provides the most valid physiological and biomechanical representation of over-ground sports wheelchair propulsion. Fifteen able-bodied participants with previous experience of wheelchair propulsion performed a 3-minute exercise trial at three speeds (4, 6 and 8 km ∙ h(-1)) in three testing modalities over separate sessions: (i) over-ground propulsion on a wooden sprung surface; (ii) wheelchair ergometer propulsion; (iii) treadmill propulsion at four different gradients (0%, 0.7%, 1.0% and 1,3%). A 0.7% treadmill gradient was shown to best reflect the oxygen uptake (7.3 to 9.1% coefficient of variation (CV)) and heart rate responses (4.9 to 6.4% CV) of over-ground propulsion at 4 and 6 km ∙ h(-1). A 1.0% treadmill gradient provided a more valid representation of oxygen uptake during over-ground propulsion at 8 km ∙ h(-1) (8.6% CV). Physiological demand was significantly underestimated in the 0% gradient and overestimated in the 1.3% gradient and wheelchair ergometer trials compared to over-ground trials (P<0.05). No laboratory-based modality provided a valid representation of the forces applied during OG (≥ 18.4% CV). To conclude, a 0.7% treadmill gradient is recommended to replicate over-ground wheelchair propulsion at lower speeds (4 and 6 km ∙ h(-1)) whereas a 1.0% gradient may be more suitable at 8 km ∙ h(-1).
本研究旨在确定哪种基于实验室的模式能最有效地反映地面上的轮椅推进运动的生理和生物力学特征。15 名有过轮椅推进经验的健全参与者在三个测试模式下，分别进行了三次 3 分钟的运动试验，速度分别为（4、6 和 8km·h（-1））：（i）在木质弹簧表面上的地面推进；（ii）轮椅测功机推进；（iii）在四个不同坡度（0%、0.7%、1.0%和 1.3%）的跑步机上推进。结果显示，0.7%的跑步机坡度最能反映 4 和 6km·h（-1）时地面推进的耗氧量（7.3%至 9.1%的变异系数（CV））和心率反应（4.9%至 6.4%的 CV）。1.0%的跑步机坡度能更准确地反映 8km·h（-1）时地面推进的耗氧量（8.6%的 CV）。与地面试验相比，0%坡度的试验中生理需求被显著低估，而 1.3%坡度和轮椅测功机试验中则被高估（P<0.05）。没有任何一种基于实验室的模式能有效地反映 OG 时的力（≥18.4%CV）。总之，0.7%的跑步机坡度适用于较低速度（4 和 6km·h（-1））的地面轮椅推进，而 1.0%的坡度可能更适合 8km·h（-1）的速度。
