巴豆（Euphorbiaceae）茎皮精油作为可能的致突变保护食物成分，防止烹饪食物中的杂环胺。

Croton lechleri Müll. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) stem bark essential oil as possible mutagen-protective food ingredient against heterocyclic amines from cooked food.

机构信息

Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie (SVeB)-LT Terra&Acqua Tech UR7, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, C.so Ercole I d'Este 32, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.

出版信息

Food Chem. 2013 Aug 15;139(1-4):439-47. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.01.076. Epub 2013 Feb 7.

DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.01.076

PMID:23561129

Abstract

The Amazonian Croton lechleri stem bark essential oil was tested for its anti-mutagenic potential by performing the Ames test against heterocyclic amines (HCAs), in continuing research on applicative functional profile of this phytocomplex as food ingredient (Rossi et al., 2011). Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 was used with and without metabolic activation (S9 mix). The anti-mutagenic properties was assayed with the following HCAs: 2-amino-3-methylimidazo-[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo-[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo-[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), the imidazoles 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido-[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole (Glu-P-1) and 2-aminodipirydo-[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole (Glu-P-2). All HCAs with S9 induced mutagenicity at 10(-10) mol/plate. Without S9, IQ and MeIQ showed mutagenicity at 10(-8) mol/plate, MeIQx and Glu-P-1 at 10(-5) mol/plate, while Glu-P-2 was inactive. In presence of HACs (10(-9) mol/plate), C. lechleri essential oil was tested for mutagen-protective properties (concentration range: 0.01-0.10 mg/plate) taking the Highest Uneffective Dose (HUD) as threshold reference. With S9 mix, C. lechleri essential oil displayed a significant reduction of revertants at 0.05 mg/plate, from 21% to 34%. The essential oil showed mutagen-protective efficacy against IQ and MeIQ tested as direct mutagens (10(-7) mol/plate), with a revertants percentage reduction of 39% and 40%, respectively. No anti-mutagen capacity was noted for MeIQx and Glu-P-1 (10(-5) mol/plate). Since HACs are known as possible colon and liver cancer inducers, C. lechleri essential oil was tested for its cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative capacity against LoVo and HepG2 cancer cell lines showing IC50 of 74.95±0.05 μg/ml (LoVo) and 82.28±0.03 μg/ml (HepG2), displaying a promising role of this essential oil as a functional food ingredient with interesting mutagen preventing properties.

摘要

亚马逊Croton lechleri 茎皮精油的抗诱变潜力通过对杂环胺（HCAs）进行艾姆斯试验进行了测试，这是对该植物复合物作为食品成分的应用功能特性的持续研究的一部分（Rossi 等人，2011 年）。使用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 TA98 菌株，有和没有代谢激活（S9 混合物）。用以下杂环胺测定抗诱变特性：2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹啉（IQ）、2-氨基-3,4-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹啉（MeIQ）、2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹喔啉（MeIQx）、咪唑 2-氨基-6-甲基二吡啶并[1,2-a:3',2'-d]咪唑（Glu-P-1）和 2-氨基二吡啶并[1,2-a:3',2'-d]咪唑（Glu-P-2）。所有带有 S9 的 HCAs 在 10（-10）mol/平板时均诱导致突变性。没有 S9，IQ 和 MeIQ 在 10（-8）mol/平板时表现出致突变性，MeIQx 和 Glu-P-1 在 10（-5）mol/平板时表现出致突变性，而 Glu-P-2 则没有活性。在存在 HACs（10（-9）mol/平板）的情况下，以最高无效剂量（HUD）作为阈值参考，测试 C.lechleri 精油的致突变保护特性（浓度范围：0.01-0.10mg/平板）。用 S9 混合物，C.lechleri 精油在 0.05mg/平板时显示出显著降低回复突变体的作用，从 21%降低到 34%。该精油对作为直接致突变剂测试的 IQ 和 MeIQ 表现出致突变保护功效，回复突变体百分比分别降低 39%和 40%。对 MeIQx 和 Glu-P-1（10（-5）mol/平板）未观察到抗诱变能力。由于 HACs 被认为是可能的结肠和肝癌诱导物，因此测试了 C.lechleri 精油对 LoVo 和 HepG2 癌细胞系的细胞毒性和抗增殖能力，其 IC50 分别为 74.95±0.05μg/ml（LoVo）和 82.28±0.03μg/ml（HepG2），显示出这种精油作为具有有趣的诱变预防特性的功能性食品成分的有希望的作用。