Ervin F R, Palmour R M, Young S N, Guzman-Flores C, Juarez J
Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1990 Jun;36(2):367-73. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(90)90417-g.
Seventeen percent of 196 feral vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) spontaneously drank appreciable quantities of beverage alcohol in 3% sucrose in preference to 3% sucrose alone. Ethanol consumption increased over time, as did the concentration of ethanol tolerated. Willingness to select ethanol was stable over a three-year period, as measured by periodic retesting. Individual patterns of drinking and behavioral responses to ethanol were quite variable. Upon occasion, some animals drank to ataxia and unconsciousness; signs of withdrawal, including tremulousness, pacing, irritability and increased aggression, followed the abrupt discontinuation of ethanol availability. A variety of changes in social interaction, including increased orientation to external stimulus, increased incidence of stereotyped aggression and of other stereotyped behaviors and decreased frequency of affiliative behaviors were observed during ethanol periods, as compared to baseline scoring periods. In a small number of alcohol-preferring animals, CSF amine metabolites (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and homovanillic acid) were raised by drinking alcohol. These studies suggest that the alcohol-selecting vervet monkey may be complementary to established primate models of alcoholism.
196只野生黑长尾猴（非洲绿猴）中有17%会自发饮用大量含3%蔗糖的酒精饮料，而不是只喝3%的蔗糖溶液。乙醇摄入量随时间增加，所能耐受的乙醇浓度也随之增加。通过定期重新测试发现，选择乙醇的意愿在三年时间里保持稳定。个体的饮酒模式和对乙醇的行为反应差异很大。有时，一些动物会喝到共济失调和失去意识；突然停止供应乙醇后，会出现戒断症状，包括颤抖、踱步、易怒和攻击性增强。与基线评分期相比，在乙醇摄入期观察到社交互动发生了各种变化，包括对外界刺激的关注度增加、刻板攻击和其他刻板行为的发生率增加以及亲和行为的频率降低。在少数偏好酒精的动物中，饮酒会使脑脊液胺类代谢物（5-羟吲哚乙酸和高香草酸）升高。这些研究表明，选择酒精的黑长尾猴可能对现有的酒精中毒灵长类动物模型起到补充作用。
