Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Australia.
Lab Anim. 2013 Jul;47(3):146-52. doi: 10.1177/0023677213479338.
Replacement, Reduction and Refinement, the ‘Three Rs’ of Russell & Burch, are accepted worldwide as fundamental to the ethics of animal experimentation. The production, care and use of genetically-altered animals can pose particular challenges to the implementation of the Three Rs,1 necessitating additional considerations by those responsible for overseeing the ethical use and appropriate care of animals involved in science. The International Council for Laboratory Animal Science brings representatives of the international laboratory animal science community together to recommend acceptance of guidance documents.The harmonization of guidance concerning genetically-altered animals was seen as a priority because of the increasing globalization of research involving these animals.
替代（Replacement）、减少（Reduction）和优化（Refinement），即 Russell 和 Burch 的“3R”原则，被全世界广泛接受，是动物实验伦理的基础。遗传修饰动物的生产、护理和使用可能给 3R 原则的实施带来特殊挑战，因此，负责监督科学研究中涉及动物的合理使用和适当护理的人员需要进行额外的考虑。国际实验动物科学理事会将国际实验动物科学界的代表聚集在一起，推荐接受指导文件。由于涉及这些动物的研究日益全球化，因此协调关于遗传修饰动物的指导意见被视为优先事项。
