Department of Psychology, University of South Florida.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2013 Sep;39(5):1365-76. doi: 10.1037/a0032188. Epub 2013 Apr 8.
Recognition memory accuracy is harmed by prior testing (a.k.a., output interference [OI]; Tulving & Arbuckle, 1966). In several experiments, we interpolated various tasks between recognition test trials. The stimuli and the tasks were more similar (lexical decision [LD] of words and nonwords) or less similar (gender identification of male and female faces) to the stimuli and task used in recognition testing. Not only did the similarity between the interpolated and recognition tasks not affect recognition accuracy but performance of the interpolated task caused no interference in subsequent recognition testing. Only the addition of recognition trials caused OI. When we presented a block of LD trials or gender identification trials before the recognition test, a decrease in accuracy was observed in the subsequent recognition tests. These results suggest a distinction between temporal context and task context, such that recognition memory performance is determined by the salience of the context cues, and the use of temporal context cues is associated with OI.
再认记忆的准确性会受到先前测试的影响（即输出干扰[OI]；Tulving & Arbuckle，1966）。在几项实验中，我们在再认测试试验之间插入了各种任务。刺激和任务与再认测试中使用的刺激和任务更相似（单词和非单词的词汇判断[LD]）或不相似（男性和女性面孔的性别识别）。插入的任务和再认任务之间的相似性不仅不会影响再认准确性，而且插入任务的表现也不会对后续的再认测试造成干扰。只有增加再认试验才会导致 OI。当我们在再认测试前呈现一组 LD 试验或性别识别试验时，随后的再认测试的准确性会下降。这些结果表明，时间上下文和任务上下文之间存在区别，即再认记忆表现取决于上下文线索的显著性，而使用时间上下文线索与 OI 相关。
