University Urological Associates Inc., Brown University, Providence, RI 02905, USA.
Int J Clin Pract. 2013 May;67(5):397-406. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.12127.
Influences on bladder health begin during infancy and continue throughout the lifespan. Bladder anatomy and physiology change as individuals age, and the risk and propensity for bladder conditions, including lower urinary tract symptoms, throughout life are related to factors specific to age, sex, and life events. Bladder habits and dysfunctions at one stage of life may affect bladder health in subsequent stages. However, bladder problems are neither a normal part of aging nor inevitable at any stage of life. Many of the factors that negatively impact bladder health at all ages may be modifiable, and healthy bladder habits may prevent or reverse bladder dysfunctions that can occur naturally or in response to life events. There are opportunities to further define and promote healthy bladder habits through focused research and heightened public awareness of the importance of bladder health, which may lead to improvements in overall health and quality of life. It is our hope that this paper will inform and encourage public health initiatives and research programs aimed at this goal.
影响膀胱健康的因素始于婴儿期，并贯穿整个生命周期。随着个体年龄的增长，膀胱的解剖结构和生理功能会发生变化，而一生中发生膀胱疾病（包括下尿路症状）的风险和倾向与特定于年龄、性别和生活事件的因素有关。在生命的一个阶段的膀胱习惯和功能障碍可能会影响随后阶段的膀胱健康。然而，膀胱问题既不是衰老的正常组成部分，也不是生命任何阶段不可避免的。许多在所有年龄段都会对膀胱健康产生负面影响的因素是可以改变的，健康的膀胱习惯可以预防或逆转可能自然发生或对生活事件做出反应的膀胱功能障碍。通过有针对性的研究和提高公众对膀胱健康重要性的认识，有机会进一步定义和促进健康的膀胱习惯，这可能会提高整体健康和生活质量。我们希望本文能为旨在实现这一目标的公共卫生倡议和研究计划提供信息和鼓励。
