Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081 Perm, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2013 Feb;78(2):144-56. doi: 10.1134/S000629791302003X.
Anergy is a long-term stable state of T-lymphocyte unresponsiveness to antigenic stimulation associated with the blockade of IL-2 production and proliferation. Anergy is a pathway of peripheral tolerance formation. In this review, mechanisms underlying T-cell tolerization are considered in a classical in vitro model of clonal anergy, and these mechanisms are compared with different pathways of anergy induction in vivo. Special attention is given to regulatory T-lymphocytes because, on one hand, anergy is a specific feature of these cells, and on the other hand anergy is also a mechanism of their action on target cells - effector T-lymphocytes. The role of this phenomenon in the differentiation of regulatory T-cells and also in the development of activation-induced apoptosis in effector T-lymphocytes is discussed.
失能是 T 淋巴细胞对抗原刺激无反应的一种长期稳定状态，与白细胞介素 2 产生和增殖的阻断有关。失能是外周耐受形成的途径。在这篇综述中，我们考虑了克隆失能的经典体外模型中 T 细胞耐受形成的机制，并将这些机制与体内不同的失能诱导途径进行了比较。特别关注调节性 T 细胞，因为一方面，失能是这些细胞的一个特定特征，另一方面，失能也是它们对靶细胞 - 效应 T 细胞作用的一种机制。讨论了这种现象在调节性 T 细胞分化中的作用，以及在效应 T 细胞中激活诱导凋亡的发展中的作用。
