Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
Gait Posture. 2013 Sep;38(4):691-5. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.03.008. Epub 2013 Apr 11.
Gait characteristics during stair descent have been characterized for a straight descent path; however, pedestrians are likely to encounter a variety of staircase designs that allow one to descend at an angle (i.e. an oblique or monumental staircase). The purpose of this study was to determine the temporospatial lower limb joint kinematics differences between descending a staircase on straight versus oblique descent paths. Sixteen subjects (8 males, 8 females) descended a staircase under three different conditions: straight descent and at a 25° and 45° angle compare to the straight path. Cycle time, cadence, speed, step width, and step length were significantly affected by descent angle, while the proportion of the cycle dedicated to the stance and swing phases remained constant over the descent paths. Peak knee flexion angle increased by approximately 2.5° in the 45° condition compared to the 0° condition (p=0.0044); however, the remainder of the time series was unchanged. A decreased step width and increased step length occurred to allow the foot to sufficiently clear the steps. Changes in the temporospatial variables, hip joint angle and a constant stance/swing proportion demonstrates that these adaptations may be made to maintain characteristics of the gait cycle and prevent subjects from adopting an unfamiliar gait pattern.
在直下楼梯的情况下，已经对楼梯下降时的步态特征进行了描述；然而，行人可能会遇到各种允许以一定角度下降的楼梯设计（即斜楼梯或纪念性楼梯）。本研究的目的是确定在直下楼梯和斜下楼梯时，下肢关节运动学在时间和空间上的差异。16 名受试者（8 名男性，8 名女性）在三种不同条件下下楼梯：直下楼梯和相对于直下楼梯的 25°和 45°角。与下降路径相比，周期时间、步频、速度、步宽和步长明显受到下降角度的影响，而周期中用于站立和摆动阶段的比例在下降过程中保持不变。与 0°相比，45°时的膝关节最大屈曲角度增加了约 2.5°（p=0.0044）；然而，其余时间序列保持不变。步宽减小，步长增加，以确保脚能充分清除台阶。这些时空变量、髋关节角度和站立/摆动比例的变化表明，这些适应可能是为了保持步态周期的特征，并防止受试者采用不熟悉的步态模式。
