Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2013 Jun;27(2):526-32. doi: 10.1037/a0032479. Epub 2013 Apr 15.
Despite high rates of tobacco use during adolescence, few empirically validated smoking cessation strategies exist for adolescent smokers. Developing an understanding of the neural underpinnings of cognitive control processes in adolescent smokers, and their relationship to quit behaviors, may help advance the development of enhanced behavioral and pharmacological therapies. The current pilot study explored the relationship between brain responses during performance of the Stroop color-word interference task and reduction in tobacco use (as measured by changes in cotinine levels) in treatment-seeking adolescent smokers participating in a high school-based smoking-cessation program. Eleven adolescent daily smokers participated in a prequit session during which neural activity in response to congruent and incongruent events in a Stroop task was examined using functional MRI (fMRI). Changes in urine cotinine levels from prequit baseline to end of treatment were calculated and correlated with brain activity. Adolescents with greater activation in the inferior frontal gyrus, insula, thalamus, and anterior cingulate had greater reductions in cotinine levels. The preliminary observation of a relationship between treatment outcome and neural correlates of cognitive control prior to treatment onset provides insight into individual differences in adolescent brain function that might relate importantly to treatment outcome.
尽管青少年吸烟率很高，但针对青少年吸烟者的经过实证验证的戒烟策略却很少。了解青少年吸烟者认知控制过程的神经基础及其与戒烟行为的关系，可能有助于推进增强行为和药物治疗的发展。本初步研究探讨了在执行 Stroop 颜色-词语干扰任务期间大脑反应与寻求治疗的青少年吸烟者中烟草使用量减少（通过可替宁水平的变化来衡量）之间的关系，这些吸烟者参加了一项基于高中的戒烟计划。11 名青少年每日吸烟者参加了预戒烟会议，在此期间使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）检查了对 Stroop 任务中一致和不一致事件的神经反应。计算了从预戒烟基线到治疗结束时尿可替宁水平的变化，并与大脑活动相关联。在下额回、脑岛、丘脑和前扣带回中激活程度较大的青少年，可替宁水平降低幅度更大。在治疗开始之前，治疗结果与认知控制的神经相关性之间的关系的初步观察结果提供了对青少年大脑功能个体差异的深入了解，这些差异可能与治疗结果密切相关。
