Conomos Alexis M, Griffin Barbara, Baunin Nadia
Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Aust J Rural Health. 2013 Apr;21(2):105-11. doi: 10.1111/ajr.12021.
To investigate whether psychologists' career/work values and perceptions of the rural work environment influence their intentions or choice to practise in a rural location beyond the effect of rural background.
Online, cross-sectional survey assessed rural background, work values and perceptions of the reinforcers available in rural and urban work environments.
One hundred and eighty-nine first year psychology students (78.8% women) and 124 registered psychologists (84.7% women).
Students' intention to practise in a rural location and psychologists' choice of practice location.
Rural environments were seen as offering psychologists less opportunity than urban environments to fulfil their need for lifestyle, prestige, management and scholarly pursuits, but more opportunity for service and autonomy. Practitioners and students who placed less value on prestige were more likely to have worked in a rural area or be intending to do so. High value of service was also a predictor of rural intentions. Perceptions that rural work environments offered opportunities for scholarly pursuits increased the odds that a psychologist had spent time practising in a rural area. Person-environment fit was not significant.
Recruitment and retention strategies to address the shortage of mental health professionals in rural areas need to consider perceptions of the work environment and how to fulfil practitioners' work values.
研究心理学家的职业/工作价值观以及对农村工作环境的认知，是否会在农村背景的影响之外，影响他们在农村地区执业的意愿或选择。
在线横断面调查评估农村背景、工作价值观以及对农村和城市工作环境中可用强化因素的认知。
189名心理学专业一年级学生（78.8%为女性）和124名注册心理学家（84.7%为女性）。
学生在农村地区执业的意愿以及心理学家对执业地点的选择。
与城市环境相比，农村环境被认为为心理学家提供的满足其生活方式、声望、管理和学术追求需求的机会较少，但在服务和自主性方面机会更多。对声望重视程度较低的从业者和学生更有可能在农村地区工作或打算在农村地区工作。高度重视服务也是农村工作意愿的一个预测因素。认为农村工作环境提供学术追求机会，会增加心理学家在农村地区执业过的几率。个人与环境的匹配度不显著。
解决农村地区心理健康专业人员短缺问题的招聘和留用策略，需要考虑对工作环境的认知以及如何满足从业者的工作价值观。
