Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd., Jhongli City, Taoyuan County 32001, Taiwan.
Accid Anal Prev. 2013 Jul;56:32-41. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.03.029. Epub 2013 Mar 29.
The present study aimed to investigate how motorized vehicle-related factors, road-related factors, and bicyclist-related factors influenced motorists' decisions about initial passing distances and bicyclists' behaviors after the motorists started to pass. A quasi-naturalistic riding method was used for thirty-four participating bicyclists riding an instrumented bicycle in real traffic. The study included 1380 incidents of left-side passing by motorists and revealed that the factors studied influenced both the motorists' initial passing distance and the bicyclists' position (lateral distance from the passing motorists), wheel angle, and speed control behaviors while the motorists passed. Some factors were related to the motorized vehicles; for example, the initial passing distance and the mean lateral distances were smaller when motorcycles passed than when cars and small trucks passed. The bicyclists demonstrated weaker lateral stability when they were passed by buses. In addition, a longer passing time caused the bicyclists to demonstrate cautious but less stable riding behaviors. For road-related factors, a clear and longitudinal solid line separation helped to maintain a greater lateral distance between motorists and bicyclists and assist the bicyclists in riding out of the motorists' path, maintaining a low speed, and remaining stable. Moreover, when bicyclists avoided road surface hazards, they reduced the initial passing distances that the motorists had chosen. Considering bicyclist-related factors, the motorists selected a greater initial passing distance for female bicyclists. There were also gender differences related to the bicyclists' lateral control, and differences in road use experience may explain this gender difference. Furthermore, the bicyclists' wheel angle, speed, and speed variation affected the motorists' initial passing distance. The present study demonstrated that the quasi-naturalistic riding method is capable of collecting rich data concerning bicyclists' behaviors, which could potentially be utilized in various types of studies. However, this method requires a large sample and considerable time and effort for data processing.
本研究旨在探讨机动车相关因素、道路相关因素和自行车骑行者相关因素如何影响驾驶员初始超车距离的决策以及驾驶员开始超车后自行车骑行者的行为。使用准自然骑行方法，让 34 名自行车骑行者在真实交通中骑行一辆装有仪器的自行车。研究共包括 1380 起机动车左侧超车事件，结果表明，所研究的因素不仅影响驾驶员的初始超车距离，还影响自行车骑行者的位置（与超车机动车的横向距离）、车轮角度和驾驶员超车过程中的速度控制行为。一些因素与机动车有关，例如，摩托车超车时的初始超车距离和平均横向距离比汽车和小型卡车超车时小。公共汽车超车时，自行车骑行者的横向稳定性更差。此外，超车时间延长会导致自行车骑行者表现出谨慎但不太稳定的骑行行为。对于道路相关因素，清晰的、纵向的实线分隔有助于保持驾驶员和自行车骑行者之间更大的横向距离，并帮助自行车骑行者驶出机动车道，保持低速并保持稳定。此外，当自行车骑行者避开路面障碍物时，他们会减少驾驶员选择的初始超车距离。考虑到自行车骑行者相关因素，驾驶员为女性自行车骑行者选择了更大的初始超车距离。自行车骑行者的横向控制也存在性别差异，道路使用经验的差异可能解释了这种性别差异。此外，自行车骑行者的车轮角度、速度和速度变化会影响驾驶员的初始超车距离。本研究表明，准自然骑行方法能够收集有关自行车骑行者行为的丰富数据，这些数据可能会应用于各种类型的研究中。然而，这种方法需要大量的样本和大量的时间和精力来处理数据。
