Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany,
BioDrugs. 2013 Oct;27(5):419-30. doi: 10.1007/s40259-013-0034-5.
Genome-based reverse vaccinology (RV) is a multi-step experimental strategy which starts from in silico analysis of whole genome sequences, from which vaccine candidates can be selected by using bioinformatic algorithms to identify putative protective antigens. In this review, we examine the current state of genome-based RV-engineered vaccines and future applications. The first product of genome-based RV is Bexsero(®), a vaccine developed for preventing Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B infection, and the strategy is currently being used for the development of new vaccines for other obdurate and emerging bacterial diseases. Improved sequencing technologies and the ongoing whole-genome sequence analyses of helminths, protozoa, and ectoparasites also currently serve as a basis for an RV strategy to produce new potential vaccines against eukaryotic pathogens. We also highlight an emerging approach-structure-based vaccinology-that exploits the information derived from the determined three-dimensional structures of vaccine candidates. Regardless, genome-based RV and other vaccine discovery platforms still depend on empirical experimental science to glean, from the hundreds of identified antigens from any one pathogen, those that should be combined to produce an effective vaccine.
基于基因组的反向疫苗学（RV）是一种多步骤的实验策略，从全基因组序列的计算机分析开始，通过生物信息学算法选择疫苗候选物，以识别潜在的保护性抗原。在这篇综述中，我们检查了基于基因组的 RV 工程疫苗的现状和未来应用。基于基因组的 RV 的第一个产品是 Bexsero（®），这是一种用于预防脑膜炎奈瑟菌 B 群感染的疫苗，该策略目前正用于开发针对其他顽固和新兴细菌性疾病的新型疫苗。改进的测序技术和正在进行的蠕虫、原生动物和外寄生虫的全基因组序列分析，也为基于 RV 策略生产针对真核病原体的新型潜在疫苗提供了依据。我们还强调了一种新兴的基于结构的疫苗学方法，该方法利用从候选疫苗的确定三维结构中获得的信息。然而，基于基因组的 RV 和其他疫苗发现平台仍然依赖于经验性的实验科学，从任何一种病原体中识别出数百种抗原，从中选择出应组合在一起以产生有效疫苗的抗原。
