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老年时双手之间学习能力转移以处理新物体。

Transfer of learning between hands to handle a novel object in old age.

机构信息

Motor Control Laboratories, Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.

出版信息

Exp Brain Res. 2013 May;227(1):9-18. doi: 10.1007/s00221-013-3451-2. Epub 2013 Apr 18.

DOI:10.1007/s00221-013-3451-2
PMID:23595702
Abstract

Transferring information about object weight between hands for use in scaling prehension forces likely depends on the integrity of the structures linking the two sides of the brain. It is unknown whether healthy older adults, who demonstrate a modest decline in this connectivity, transfer fingertip force scaling for object weight between hands. In the present study, healthy older and young adults performed two tasks: gripping and lifting an object, and a ballistic finger abduction movement. For the grip and lift task, participants practiced lifting a novel object using a precision pinch grip with the right hand (RH) and then did so again with the left hand (LH). For the ballistic task, participants were trained to maximally accelerate the right index finger by abducting it. On the grip and lift task, all participants appeared to overestimate the object weight during the 1st RH lift, followed by a progressive reduction on successive lifts. This adaptation was transferred to the LH in both groups on their first lift and remained stable over subsequent lifts. In contrast, the training-induced peak abduction acceleration on the ballistic task transferred poorly to the LH in older with considerably better transfer in young adults. We conclude that the memory representations scaling the lift force for the grip and lift task generalized to the untrained hand, while the greater acceleration that was acquired during practice of the ballistic task showed an incomplete transfer to the opposite hand. These differences may indicate task-dependent interhemispheric transfer of learning in old age.

摘要

在将物体重量的信息在双手之间传递以供用于缩放抓取力时,可能依赖于连接大脑两侧的结构的完整性。目前尚不清楚健康的老年人在这种连接性上表现出适度下降时,是否会在双手之间传递指尖力缩放以适应物体重量。在本研究中,健康的老年人和年轻人进行了两项任务:握持和提起物体以及进行弹道式手指外展运动。在握持和提起任务中,参与者使用右手(RH)的精确捏握来练习提起一个新物体,然后再用左手(LH)提起该物体。在弹道任务中,参与者被训练通过外展来最大程度地加速右食指。在握持和提起任务中,所有参与者在第一次 RH 提起期间似乎都高估了物体的重量,然后在随后的提起中逐渐减少。这种适应在两组中都在第一次提起时转移到了 LH,并且在随后的提起中保持稳定。相比之下,在弹道任务中训练引起的最大外展加速度在老年人中向 LH 的转移较差,而在年轻人中则转移得更好。我们得出的结论是,用于握持和提起任务的提升力的记忆表示可以泛化到未受过训练的手,而在进行弹道任务的实践中获得的更大加速度则显示出对手的不完全转移。这些差异可能表明在老年时任务依赖性的半球间学习转移。

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