Graziadio Sara, Nazarpour Kianoush, Gretenkord Sabine, Jackson Andrew, Eyre Janet A
a Institute of Neuroscience , Newcastle University , England.
J Mot Behav. 2015;47(1):47-55. doi: 10.1080/00222895.2014.981501.
Hemispheric lateralization of movement control diminishes with age; whether this is compensatory or maladaptive is debated. The authors hypothesized that if compensatory, bilateral activation would lead to greater intermanual transfer in older subjects learning tasks that activate the cortex unilaterally in young adults. They studied 10 young and 14 older subjects, learning a unimanual visuomotor task comprising a feedforward phase, where there is unilateral cortical activation in young adults, and a feedback phase, which activates the cortex bilaterally in both age groups. Increased intermanual transfer was demonstrated in older subjects during feedforward learning, with no difference between groups during feedback learning. This finding is consistent with bilateral cortical activation being compensatory to maintain performance despite declining computational efficiency in neural networks.
运动控制的半球侧化随年龄增长而减弱；这是代偿性的还是适应不良的，目前仍存在争议。作者推测，如果是代偿性的，双侧激活将导致老年受试者在学习任务时出现更大的双手间迁移，这些任务在年轻人中会单侧激活皮层。他们研究了10名年轻受试者和14名老年受试者，让他们学习一项单手视觉运动任务，该任务包括一个前馈阶段（在年轻人中此阶段会单侧激活皮层）和一个反馈阶段（在两个年龄组中此阶段都会双侧激活皮层）。在前馈学习过程中，老年受试者表现出双手间迁移增加，而在反馈学习过程中两组之间没有差异。这一发现与双侧皮层激活具有代偿作用以维持表现相一致，尽管神经网络的计算效率在下降。
