Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-4200, Slagelse, Denmark.
Physiol Plant. 2013 Aug;148(4):457-69. doi: 10.1111/ppl.12062. Epub 2013 May 30.
Plant morphogenesis is regulated endogenously through phytohormones and other chemical signals, which may act either locally or distant from their place of synthesis. Nitric oxide (NO) is formed by a number of controlled processes in plant cells. It is a central signaling molecule with several effects on control of plant growth and development, such as shoot and root architecture. All plants are able to express non-symbiotic hemoglobins at low concentration. Their function is generally not related to oxygen transport or storage; instead they effectively oxidize NO to NO(3)(-) and thereby control the local cellular NO concentration. In this review, we analyze available data on the role of NO and plant hemoglobins in morphogenetic processes in plants. The comparison of the data suggests that hemoglobin gene expression in plants modulates development and morphogenesis of organs, such as roots and shoots, through the localized control of NO, and that hemoglobin gene expression should always be considered a modulating factor in processes controlled directly or indirectly by NO in plants.
植物形态发生受内源植物激素和其他化学信号调控，这些信号可能在合成部位附近或远处发挥作用。一氧化氮（NO）是植物细胞中通过一系列受控过程形成的。它是一种中心信号分子，对植物生长和发育的控制有多种影响，如芽和根的结构。所有植物都能够在低浓度下表达非共生型血红蛋白。它们的功能通常与氧气运输或储存无关；相反，它们有效地将 NO 氧化为 NO3(-)，从而控制局部细胞内的 NO 浓度。在这篇综述中，我们分析了关于 NO 和植物血红蛋白在植物形态发生过程中的作用的现有数据。对这些数据的比较表明，植物中血红蛋白基因的表达通过局部控制 NO 来调节根和芽等器官的发育和形态发生，并且血红蛋白基因的表达应该始终被视为受 NO 直接或间接控制的过程中的调节因子。
