Tack Danielle M, Blanton Jesse D, Holman Robert C, Longenberger Allison H, Petersen Brett W, Rupprecht Charles E
Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2013 May 1;242(9):1279-85. doi: 10.2460/javma.242.9.1279.
To evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices of deer owners following identification of a cluster of captive deer with rabies as an aid for the development of rabies prevention educational materials.
Cross-sectional study.
Captive-deer owners who were members of the pennsylvania deer farmers association.
Information was obtained via a mailed, self-administered questionnaire.
The questionnaire response rate was 59% (249/425). One hundred three of 206 (50%) respondents had incomplete knowledge of rabies virus vectors, transmission, severity, and prevention measures. Birds or snakes were incorrectly identified as rabies vectors by 96 of 213 (45%) respondents, and most (≥ 94%) respondents identified rabies virus reservoirs as vectors. Ninety of 231 (39%) respondents identified death as an outcome of rabies, and 184 of 235 (78%) respondents would seek emergency treatment if they suspected exposure. Only 62 of 235 (26%) respondents would wash a wound immediately. The majority of respondents (173/239 [72%]) did not know the clinical signs of rabies in deer. Nine respondents indicated that they vaccinated their deer against rabies, and the majority of respondents (158/214 [74%]) would be willing to vaccinate.
Findings suggested that deer owners in Pennsylvania have a basic knowledge of rabies; however, knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding prevention of rabies transmission could be improved considerably. Rabies educational materials for deer owners should focus on postexposure procedures, disease severity, recognition of rabies in deer, and changes in management practices such as vaccination to prevent rabies.
在确认一群圈养鹿感染狂犬病后，评估鹿主人对于狂犬病的知识、态度和行为，以辅助开发狂犬病预防教育材料。
横断面研究。
宾夕法尼亚州养鹿者协会成员中的圈养鹿主人。
通过邮寄的自填式问卷获取信息。
问卷回复率为59%（249/425）。206名受访者中有103名（50%）对狂犬病病毒载体、传播、严重性及预防措施的知识掌握不完整。213名受访者中有96名（45%）错误地将鸟类或蛇认定为狂犬病病毒载体，且大多数（≥94%）受访者将狂犬病病毒宿主认定为载体。231名受访者中有90名（39%）认为狂犬病会导致死亡，235名受访者中有184名（78%）表示若怀疑暴露会寻求紧急治疗。235名受访者中只有62名（26%）会立即清洗伤口。大多数受访者（173/239 [72%]）不知道鹿感染狂犬病的临床症状。9名受访者表示他们给鹿接种了狂犬病疫苗，大多数受访者（158/214 [74%]）愿意给鹿接种疫苗。
研究结果表明宾夕法尼亚州的鹿主人对狂犬病有一定的基本知识；然而，在狂犬病传播预防方面的知识、态度和行为仍有很大改进空间。针对鹿主人的狂犬病教育材料应侧重于暴露后处理程序、疾病严重性、鹿感染狂犬病的识别以及如接种疫苗等预防狂犬病的管理措施的改变。
