Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, 425 Werombi Road, Camden 2570, NSW, Australia.
Prev Vet Med. 2011 Dec 15;102(4):304-14. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.08.002. Epub 2011 Sep 4.
A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 759 Australian horse owners to determine their biosecurity practices and perceptions one year after the 2007 equine influenza outbreak and to investigate the factors influencing these perceptions and practices. A web link to an online questionnaire was sent to 1224 horse owners as a follow-up to a previous study to obtain information about biosecurity perceptions and practices, impacts of the 2007 EI outbreak, demographic information and information about horse industry involvement. Ordinal logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with poor biosecurity practices. Biosecurity compliance (low, medium, high), as determined by horse owners' responses to a 16-item question on the frequency of various biosecurity measures, was used as the outcome variable in ordinal logistic regression analyses. Variables with a univariable p-value ≤0.2 were eligible for inclusion in multivariable models built using a manual stepwise approach. Variables with a p-value <0.05 in multivariable models were retained in the final model. Two potential confounders - age and gender of participants - were included in the final model irrespective of their p-values. Thirty percent of the respondents had low biosecurity compliance and were performing biosecurity practices 'not very often' or 'never'. Younger people, people with two or more children, those who were not involved with horses commercially and those who had no long-term business impacts resulting from the 2007 EI outbreak were more likely to have lower biosecurity compliance. People who were not fearful of a future outbreak of equine influenza in Australia and those who thought their current hygiene and access control practices were not very effective in protecting their horses also had poor biosecurity practices. In this observational study we identified factors associated with a group of horse owners with low levels of biosecurity compliance. As this cross-sectional study only assesses associations, the identified factors should be further investigated in order to be considered in the design of extension activities to increase horse owners' biosecurity compliance.
本研究对 759 名澳大利亚马主进行了横断面研究，旨在调查在 2007 年流感大流行爆发一年后他们的生物安全措施和意识，并分析影响这些意识和措施的因素。研究人员在之前研究的基础上，向 1224 名马主发送了一份网络问卷链接，以获取有关生物安全意识和措施、2007 年流感大流行的影响、人口统计学信息和马业参与信息的信息。采用有序逻辑回归分析确定与不良生物安全措施相关的因素。生物安全合规性（低、中、高）是根据马主对 16 项关于各种生物安全措施频率的问题的回答来确定的，作为有序逻辑回归分析的因变量。单变量 p 值≤0.2 的变量有资格被纳入使用逐步法构建的多变量模型。多变量模型中 p 值<0.05 的变量被保留在最终模型中。最终模型中保留了两个潜在的混杂因素——参与者的年龄和性别。30%的受访者生物安全合规性较低，实施生物安全措施的频率“不高”或“从不”。年轻人、有两个或两个以上孩子的人、非商业性参与马匹的人以及没有因 2007 年流感大流行而遭受长期商业影响的人更有可能生物安全合规性较低。那些不担心澳大利亚未来再次爆发马流感的人，以及那些认为他们当前的卫生和出入控制措施对保护他们的马匹不太有效的人，也有较差的生物安全措施。在这项观察性研究中，我们确定了与一群生物安全合规性较低的马主相关的因素。由于本横断面研究仅评估关联，因此应进一步研究这些确定的因素，以便在设计旨在提高马主生物安全合规性的推广活动时考虑这些因素。
