Gracia M J, Calvete C, Estrada R, Castillo J A, Peribáñez M A, Lucientes J
Departamento de Patología Animal, Parasitología y Enfermedades Parasitarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Med Vet Entomol. 2013 Jun;27(2):175-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01027.x. Epub 2012 Jul 2.
Fleas are a common cause of feline skin disorders as well as vectors of zoonotic diseases. This study evaluated the flea species infesting domestic cats in Spain and assessed factors influencing their distribution. Fleas from 217 cats from 57 localities in Spain were identified and associations between abundance, and host-dependent, host habitat and environmental factors were examined. Variations in infracommunity and component community structure were also explored. Three species were present, of which Ctenocephalides felis (Bouché) (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) was the most abundant (98.4%), followed by Ctenocephalides canis (Curtis) (1.1%) and Pulex irritans (L.) (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) (0.5%). Overall abundance and abundances of both C. felis and C. canis were higher on farms than in apartments, but overall flea abundance and abundances of both C. felis and C. canis were lower in rural than urban environments. Overall abundance and C. felis abundance were lower during the warmest months, and mean annual rainfall was positively correlated with overall, C. felis and C. canis abundances. No relationship between the number of species per cat and any host, habitat or physiographical variable was found. Species richness was not correlated with mean annual temperature or rainfall. Flea abundance was mainly associated with host habitat and environmental factors.
跳蚤是猫皮肤疾病的常见病因，也是人畜共患病的传播媒介。本研究评估了西班牙家猫身上寄生的跳蚤种类，并分析了影响其分布的因素。对来自西班牙57个地区的217只猫身上的跳蚤进行了鉴定，并研究了跳蚤数量与宿主相关因素、宿主栖息地及环境因素之间的关联。同时还探讨了群落内结构和群落组成结构的变化。共发现三种跳蚤，其中猫栉首蚤（Ctenocephalides felis (Bouché)，蚤目：蚤科）最为常见（98.4%），其次是犬栉首蚤（Ctenocephalides canis (Curtis)，1.1%）和人蚤（Pulex irritans (L.)，蚤目：蚤科，0.5%）。农场猫身上的跳蚤总数以及猫栉首蚤和犬栉首蚤的数量均高于公寓猫，但农村地区的跳蚤总数以及猫栉首蚤和犬栉首蚤的数量均低于城市环境。在最温暖的月份，跳蚤总数和猫栉首蚤数量较低，年平均降雨量与跳蚤总数、猫栉首蚤和犬栉首蚤数量呈正相关。未发现每只猫身上的跳蚤种类数量与任何宿主、栖息地或地理变量之间存在关联。物种丰富度与年平均温度或降雨量无关。跳蚤数量主要与宿主栖息地和环境因素有关。
