Department of Demography, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94704 , USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Jun;121(6):737-43. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1205682. Epub 2013 Apr 19.
Methyl bromide, a fungicide often used in strawberry cultivation, is of concern for residents who live near agricultural applications because of its toxicity and potential for drift. Little is known about the effects of methyl bromide exposure during pregnancy.
We investigated the relationship between residential proximity to methyl bromide use and birth outcomes.
Participants were from the CHAMACOS (Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas) study (n = 442), a longitudinal cohort study examining the health effects of environmental exposures on pregnant women and their children in an agricultural community in northern California. Using data from the California Pesticide Use Reporting system, we employed a geographic information system to estimate the amount of methyl bromide applied within 5 km of a woman's residence during pregnancy. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate associations between trimester-specific proximity to use and birth weight, length, head circumference, and gestational age.
High methyl bromide use (vs. no use) within 5 km of the home during the second trimester was negatively associated with birth weight (β = -113.1 g; CI: -218.1, -8.1), birth length (β = -0.85 cm; CI: -1.44, -0.27), and head circumference (β = -0.33 cm; CI: -0.67, 0.01). These outcomes were also associated with moderate methyl bromide use during the second trimester. Negative associations with fetal growth parameters were stronger when larger (5 km and 8 km) versus smaller (1 km and 3 km) buffer zones were used to estimate exposure.
Residential proximity to methyl bromide use during the second trimester was associated with markers of restricted fetal growth in our study.
甲基溴是一种常用于草莓种植的杀菌剂，由于其毒性和潜在漂移性，居住在农业应用附近的居民对此表示关注。人们对怀孕期间接触甲基溴的影响知之甚少。
我们研究了居住在靠近甲基溴使用地的距离与出生结果之间的关系。
参与者来自 CHAMACOS（萨利纳斯母亲和儿童健康评估中心）研究（n=442），这是一项纵向队列研究，在加利福尼亚北部一个农业社区中，研究环境暴露对孕妇及其子女的健康影响。我们利用来自加利福尼亚州农药使用报告系统的数据，采用地理信息系统来估计女性怀孕期间住所周围 5 公里范围内甲基溴的使用量。我们采用多元线性回归模型来估计孕期特定的与使用相关的 trimester 与出生体重、长度、头围和胎龄之间的关联。
家中附近 5 公里范围内高甲基溴使用（vs. 无使用）与出生体重（β=-113.1g；CI：-218.1，-8.1）、出生长度（β=-0.85cm；CI：-1.44，-0.27）和头围（β=-0.33cm；CI：-0.67，0.01）呈负相关。这些结果也与妊娠中期中度甲基溴使用有关。当使用更大（5 公里和 8 公里）与更小（1 公里和 3 公里）缓冲区来估计暴露时，与胎儿生长参数的负相关更强。
在我们的研究中，妊娠中期居住在靠近甲基溴使用地的距离与限制胎儿生长的标志物有关。
