Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2013 May;23(2):309-20. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2012.12.009. Epub 2013 Feb 28.
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is a severe but potentially reversible neurologic disorder that is clinically recognizable in children and adolescents. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to facilitate recovery. Treatment consists of corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, or plasma exchange as first-line therapy followed by cyclophosphamide or rituximab, if necessary, as second-line immunotherapy. Patients with tumor-associated encephalitis benefit from tumor resection. More than 75% of patients make a substantial recovery, which occurs in the reverse order of symptom presentation associated with a decline in antibody titers.
抗 N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸 (NMDA) 受体脑炎是一种严重但具有潜在可恢复性的神经疾病，在儿童和青少年中具有明显的临床特征。及时诊断和治疗对于促进康复至关重要。治疗包括一线治疗的皮质类固醇、静脉注射免疫球蛋白或血浆置换，以及必要时的二线免疫治疗，如环磷酰胺或利妥昔单抗。肿瘤相关性脑炎患者受益于肿瘤切除术。超过 75%的患者会有显著的恢复，这与抗体滴度下降相关的症状表现顺序相反。
