Jardín Botánico Canario Viera y Clavijo-Unidad Asociada CSIC, Cabildo de Gran Canaria. Camino al Palmeral 15, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Ann Bot. 2013 Jun;111(6):1059-73. doi: 10.1093/aob/mct076. Epub 2013 Apr 21.
Background and Aims Allozyme and reproductive data sets for the Canarian flora are updated in order to assess how the present levels and structuring of genetic variation have been influenced by the abiotic island traits and by phylogenetically determined biotic traits of the corresponding taxa; and in order to suggest conservation guidelines. Methods Kruskal-Wallis tests are conducted to assess the relationships of 27 variables with genetic diversity (estimated by A, P, Ho and He) and structuring (GST) of 123 taxa representing 309 populations and 16 families. Multiple linear regression analyses (MLRAs) are carried out to determine the relative influence of the less correlated significant abiotic and biotic factors on the genetic diversity levels. Key Results and Conclusions The interactions between biotic features of the colonizing taxa and the abiotic island features drive plant diversification in the Canarian flora. However, the lower weight of closeness to the mainland than of (respectively) high basic chromosome number, partial or total self-incompatibility and polyploidy in the MLRAs indicates substantial phylogenetic constraint; the importance of a high chromosome number is feasibly due to the generation of a larger number of linkage groups, which increase gametic and genotypic diversity. Genetic structure is also more influenced by biotic factors (long-range seed dispersal, basic chromosome number and partial or total self-incompatibility) than by distance to the mainland. Conservation-wise, genetic structure estimates (FST/GST) only reflect endangerment under intensive population sampling designs, and neutral genetic variation levels do not directly relate to threat status or to small population sizes. Habitat protection is emphasized, but the results suggest the need for urgent implementation of elementary reproductive studies in all cases, and for ex situ conservation measures for the most endangered taxa, even without prior studies. In non-endangered endemics, multidisciplinary research is needed before suggesting case-specific conservation strategies. The molecular information relevant for conservation should be conserved in a standardized format to facilitate further insight.
更新加那利群岛植物区系的同工酶和繁殖数据集，以评估当前遗传变异水平和结构是如何受到非生物岛屿特征和相应分类群的系统发育决定的生物特征的影响；并提出保护建议。方法：通过 Kruskal-Wallis 检验，评估 27 个变量与 123 个代表 309 个种群和 16 个科的分类群的遗传多样性（由 A、P、Ho 和 He 估计）和结构（GST）之间的关系。进行多元线性回归分析（MLRAs），以确定较少相关的显著生物和非生物因素对遗传多样性水平的相对影响。主要结果和结论：定居分类群的生物特征与非生物岛屿特征之间的相互作用推动了加那利群岛植物区系的多样化。然而，在 MLRAs 中，与大陆的接近程度的权重低于（分别为）高基本染色体数、部分或完全自交不亲和性和多倍体，表明存在实质性的系统发育限制；高染色体数的重要性可能是由于产生了更多的连锁群，从而增加了配子和基因型的多样性。遗传结构也更多地受到生物因素（长距离种子传播、基本染色体数和部分或完全自交不亲和性）的影响，而不是与大陆的距离。从保护的角度来看，遗传结构估计（FST/GST）仅反映在密集的种群采样设计下的濒危情况，而中性遗传变异水平与威胁状况或小种群大小没有直接关系。强调了生境保护，但结果表明，在所有情况下都需要紧急实施基本的繁殖研究，并对最濒危的分类群采取就地保护措施，即使没有事先的研究。在非濒危特有种中，需要进行多学科研究，然后才能提出针对具体情况的保护策略。应按照标准化格式保存与保护相关的分子信息，以方便进一步深入了解。
