Rodríguez-Rodríguez Priscila, Fernández de Castro Alejandro G, Sosa Pedro A
Instituto Universitario de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (IUNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain.
Departamento de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
PeerJ. 2018 Jun 12;6:e4985. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4985. eCollection 2018.
The translocation of individuals or the reinforcement of populations are measures in the genetic rescue of endangered species. Although it can be controversial to decide which and how many individuals must be reintroduced, populations can benefit from reinforcements. is a critically endangered endemic to the Canary Islands. During the past 30 years, the Garajonay National Park (La Gomera) has carried out an intensive program of translocations using cuttings, due to the low germination rates of seeds. To assess the effect of the restorations on the population genetics of in La Gomera, we collected 402 samples from all the restored sites and all known natural individuals, which were genotyped with seven microsatellite markers. In addition, we conducted a species distribution modeling approach to assess how restorations fit the ecological niche of the species. Results show that there is a high proportion of clone specimens due to the propagation method, and the natural clonal reproduction of the species. Nonetheless, the observed heterozygosity has increased with the restorations and there still are private alleles and unique genotypes in the natural populations that have not been considered in the restorations. The population of Liria constitutes a very important genetic reservoir for the species. To optimize future reintroductions, we have proposed a list of specimens that are suitable for the extraction of seeds or cuttings in a greenhouse, as well as new suitable areas obtained by the species distribution models.
个体迁移或种群增强是濒危物种遗传拯救的措施。尽管决定引入哪些个体以及引入多少个体可能存在争议，但种群可以从增强措施中受益。[物种名称]是加那利群岛特有的极度濒危物种。在过去30年里，由于种子发芽率低，加拉霍奈国家公园（拉戈梅拉岛）开展了一项使用插条进行迁移的密集计划。为了评估恢复措施对拉戈梅拉岛[物种名称]种群遗传学的影响，我们从所有恢复地点和所有已知的自然个体中采集了402个样本，并用七个微卫星标记对其进行基因分型。此外，我们采用了物种分布建模方法来评估恢复措施如何适应该物种的生态位。结果表明，由于繁殖方式以及该物种的自然克隆繁殖，克隆标本的比例很高。尽管如此，随着恢复措施的实施，观察到的杂合度有所增加，并且在自然种群中仍然存在未在恢复措施中考虑的私有等位基因和独特基因型。利里亚种群构成了该物种非常重要的遗传库。为了优化未来的重新引入，我们提出了一份适合在温室中提取种子或插条的标本清单，以及通过物种分布模型获得的新的合适区域。
