Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, 200 Hodson Hall 1980 Folwell Ave, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.
Environ Manage. 2013 Jul;52(1):99-112. doi: 10.1007/s00267-013-0054-4. Epub 2013 Apr 23.
Protection of native aquatic plants is an important proenvironmental behavior, because plant loss coupled with nutrient loading can produce changes in lake ecosystems. Removal of aquatic plants by lakeshore property owners is a diffuse behavior that may lead to cumulative impacts on lake ecosystems. This class of behavior is challenging to manage because collective impacts are not obvious to the actors. This paper distinguishes positive and negative beliefs about aquatic plants, in models derived from norm activation theory (Schwartz, Adv Exp Soc Psychol 10:221-279, 1977) and the theory of reasoned action (Fishbein and Ajzen, Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: an introduction to theory and research, Addison-Wesley, Boston 1975), to examine protection of native aquatic plants by Minnesota lakeshore property owners. We clarify how positive and negative evaluations of native aquatic plants affect protection or removal of these plants. Results are based on a mail survey (n = 3,115). Results suggest that positive evaluations of aquatic plants (i.e., as valuable to lake ecology) may not connect with the global attitudes and behavioral intentions that direct plant protection or removal. Lakeshore property owners' behavior related to aquatic plants may be driven more by tangible personal benefits derived from accessible, carefully managed lakeshore than intentional action taken to sustain lake ecosystems. The limited connection of positive evaluations of aquatic plants to global attitudes and behavioral intentions may reflect either lack of knowledge of what actions are needed to protect lake health and/or unwillingness to lose perceived benefits derived from lakeshore property.
保护本地水生植物是一种重要的环保行为，因为植物的丧失加上养分的加载会导致湖泊生态系统发生变化。湖滨物业所有者移除水生植物是一种分散的行为，可能会对湖泊生态系统产生累积影响。这种行为难以管理，因为演员们并不明显地感受到集体的影响。本文从规范激活理论（Schwartz，Adv Exp Soc Psychol 10:221-279，1977）和理性行动理论（Fishbein 和 Ajzen，Belief，attitude，intention，and behavior：an introduction to theory and research，Addison-Wesley，Boston 1975）中区分了对水生植物的正面和负面信念，以检验明尼苏达州湖滨物业所有者对本地水生植物的保护。我们澄清了对本地水生植物的正面和负面评价如何影响这些植物的保护或移除。研究结果基于一项邮件调查（n=3115）。结果表明，对水生植物的正面评价（即对湖泊生态有价值）可能与直接指导植物保护或移除的全球态度和行为意图没有联系。湖滨物业所有者与水生植物相关的行为可能更多地受到可接近的、精心管理的湖滨带来的有形个人利益的驱动，而不是为了维持湖泊生态系统而采取的有意行动。对水生植物的正面评价与全球态度和行为意图的有限联系可能反映出缺乏了解保护湖泊健康所需的行动，或者不愿意失去从湖滨物业中获得的感知利益。
