Center for Ophthalmology, Laboratory for Molecular Ophthalmology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Horm Metab Res. 2013 Aug;45(8):549-55. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1343451. Epub 2013 Apr 23.
Graves' disease (GD) is a systemic autoimmune disease that is characterized by hyperthyroidism, orbitopathy and in rare cases dermopathy. Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is an inflammatory disease of eye and orbit which occurs in about 30-60% of patients. Hyperthyroidism occurs due to the presence of stimulating TSHR-autoantibodies (TRAbs) leading to increased serum levels of thyroid hormones. Attempts to induce Graves' disease in mice by immunization against the hTSHR or its variants have resulted in production of TRAbs that stimulate thyroid follicular cells to increase thyroid hormone secretion. Graves' like orbital changes, such as inflammation, adipogenesis and muscle fibrosis are more difficult to induce. In this review we summarize different methods used to induce murine Graves'-like disease and their impact on murine orbits.
格雷夫斯病（GD）是一种自身免疫性疾病，其特征是甲状腺功能亢进、眼病和在极少数情况下皮肤病变。格雷夫斯眼病（GO）是一种眼部和眼眶的炎症性疾病，约发生在 30-60%的患者中。甲状腺功能亢进是由于存在刺激 TSHR 自身抗体（TRAbs）导致血清甲状腺激素水平升高引起的。通过针对 hTSHR 或其变体进行免疫接种来诱导小鼠发生格雷夫斯病的尝试导致产生了刺激甲状腺滤泡细胞增加甲状腺激素分泌的 TRAbs。更难诱导类似于格雷夫斯的眼眶变化，如炎症、脂肪生成和肌肉纤维化。在这篇综述中，我们总结了用于诱导小鼠类似格雷夫斯病的不同方法及其对小鼠眼眶的影响。
