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ChemSusChem. 2013 Sep;6(9):1697-707. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201300017. Epub 2013 Apr 24.
A solid acid foam-structured catalyst based on a binderless zirconium phosphate (ZrPO) coating on aluminum foam was prepared. The catalyst layer was obtained by performing a multiple washcoating procedure of ZrPO slurry on the anodized aluminum foam. The effect of the pretreatment of ZrPO, the concentration of the slurry, and the amount of coating on the properties of the foam was studied. The catalytic properties of the prepared foams have been evaluated in the dehydration of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in a biphasic reactor. The catalytic behavior of ZrPO foam-based catalysts was studied in a rotating foam reactor and compared with that of bulk ZrPO. The effect of a silylation procedure on the selectivity of the process was shown over bulk and foam catalysts. This treatment resulted in a higher selectivity due to the deactivation of unselective Lewis acid sites. Addition of methylisobutylketone leads to extraction of HMF from the aqueous phase and stabilization of the selectivity to HMF over bulk ZrPO. A more intensive contact of the foam with the aqueous and organic phases leads to an increase in the selectivity and resistance to deactivation of the foam in comparison with a bulk catalyst.
一种基于无粘结磷酸锆（ZrPO）涂层的固体酸泡沫结构催化剂被制备。通过在氧化铝泡沫上进行多次 ZrPO 浆料涂覆处理，得到催化剂层。研究了 ZrPO 的预处理、浆料浓度和涂覆量对泡沫性能的影响。在两相反应器中，通过葡萄糖脱水制备 5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF），评估了所制备泡沫的催化性能。在旋转泡沫反应器中研究了 ZrPO 泡沫基催化剂的催化行为，并与块状 ZrPO 进行了比较。硅烷化处理对块状和泡沫催化剂的过程选择性的影响也进行了研究。这种处理由于非选择性路易斯酸位的失活，导致选择性更高。添加甲基异丁基酮会从水相萃取 HMF，并稳定块状 ZrPO 上的 HMF 选择性。与块状催化剂相比，泡沫与水相和有机相的更强烈接触导致选择性提高和泡沫失活阻力降低。
