Galvin Shelley L, Parker Alison, Coulson Carol C
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mountain Area Health Education Center, Asheville, North Carolina, USA.
N C Med J. 2012 Nov-Dec;73(6):433-8.
The aim of this cross-sectional survey was to measure knowledge about cardiovascular disease (CVD) among low-income women in Western North Carolina.
A self-administered survey was distributed to a convenience sample of women presenting for obstetrical or gynecological care at resident and faculty clinics in Asheville, North Carolina, from July 2011 through February 2012.
Responses from 340 completed surveys were analyzed. The response rate was 51.7%. The majority of respondents (57.1%) were either overweight or obese, and 23.2% reported that they currently use tobacco products. Overall, accuracy on knowledge questions ranged from 0% to 90%, with a mean score of 57.8% (SD = 16%). Women in their 20s, minorities, and smokers had lower knowledge scores (P = 0.03, 0.022, and 0.009, respectively). Gender variations in symptoms and consequences of CVD for women were not widely understood by this group. Most knew that it is appropriate to respond rapidly to symptoms of heart attack or stroke. Increasing daily physical activity and managing stress effectively were picked most often as the behavioral strategies patients might initiate or increase to reduce their health risks.
This was a convenience sample and the response rate was only 51.7%, so results maybe biased.
This group's overall knowledge of CVD in women was poor, with most scores below 70%, and gaps in knowledge existed for minorities. These results are consistent with findings from national awareness surveys. Educational strategies need to include gender-specific risks, symptoms, and consequences, and they need to target tobacco users, minorities, and young adults. Resources are needed for obstetrician-gynecologists to use as they assist patients in becoming more aware of CVD and reducing personal risk through lifestyle modification.
这项横断面调查的目的是衡量北卡罗来纳州西部低收入女性对心血管疾病（CVD）的了解程度。
2011年7月至2012年2月期间，在北卡罗来纳州阿什维尔的住院医师和教员诊所，对前来接受产科或妇科护理的女性进行了便利抽样，并发放了一份自填式调查问卷。
对340份完整调查问卷的回复进行了分析。回复率为51.7%。大多数受访者（57.1%）超重或肥胖，23.2%报告称她们目前使用烟草制品。总体而言，知识问题的准确率在0%至90%之间，平均得分为57.8%（标准差=16%）。20多岁的女性、少数族裔和吸烟者的知识得分较低（分别为P = 0.03、0.022和0.009）。该群体对女性心血管疾病症状和后果的性别差异了解并不广泛。大多数人知道对心脏病发作或中风症状迅速做出反应是恰当之举。增加日常身体活动和有效管理压力是患者最常选择的可能会开始或增加的行为策略，以降低健康风险。
这是一个便利样本，回复率仅为51.7%，因此结果可能存在偏差。
该群体对女性心血管疾病的总体了解较差，大多数得分低于70%，少数族裔存在知识差距。这些结果与全国性认知调查的结果一致。教育策略需要包括针对性别的风险、症状和后果，并且需要针对烟草使用者、少数族裔和年轻人。妇产科医生在协助患者提高对心血管疾病的认识并通过改变生活方式降低个人风险时需要相关资源。
