Zapora Ewa, Jarocka Iwona
Zakład Chemii Nieorganicznej i Analitycznej, Uniwersytet Medyczny, 15-222 Białystok, Poland.
Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2013 Mar 29;67:214-20. doi: 10.5604/17322693.1043334.
Erythrocytes are especially vulnerable to reactive oxygen species because of their direct role in oxygen transport. Moreover, hemoglobin contains iron ions (Fe²⁺), which catalyze both the Fenton reaction and lipid peroxidation. Reactive oxygen species in erythrocytes are also generated through nonenzymatic and enzymatic processes of heme degradation. The nonenzymatic process of heme degradation is initiated by e.g. hydrogen peroxide, whereas the process of enzymatic degradation is under the influence of heme oxygenase. In both cases biliverdin, carbon monoxide (CO) and iron ions (Fe²⁺) are generated. These products of heme degradation can initialize the oxidative processes within erythrocytes, but at low concentrations exhibit cytoprotective properties.
红细胞因其在氧运输中的直接作用而特别容易受到活性氧的影响。此外，血红蛋白含有铁离子（Fe²⁺），它催化芬顿反应和脂质过氧化。红细胞中的活性氧也通过血红素降解的非酶促和酶促过程产生。血红素降解的非酶促过程例如由过氧化氢引发，而酶促降解过程则受血红素加氧酶的影响。在这两种情况下都会产生胆绿素、一氧化碳（CO）和铁离子（Fe²⁺）。这些血红素降解产物可引发红细胞内的氧化过程，但在低浓度时表现出细胞保护特性。
