Optimised protocols for the identification of the murine cardiac side population.

Cardiac side population (CSP) cells, defined by their ability to efflux the vital dye Hoechst 33342, have been identified as putative cardiac stem cells based on their potential to give rise to both cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells. The CSP phenotype relies on an active metabolic pathway and cell viability to identify a rare population of cells and therefore technical differences in the CSP staining protocol can lead to inconsistent results and discrepancies between studies. Here we describe an established protocol for CSP identification and have optimised a protocol for CSP analysis utilizing an automated cardiac digestion procedure using gentleMACs dissociation and Hoechst 33342 staining followed by dual wavelength flow cytometric analysis.