Kesarwani Kritika, Gupta Rajiv, Mukerjee Alok
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das National Institute of Technology and Management (BBD University), BBD Green City, Lucknow, U.P., 227105, India.
Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2013 Apr;3(4):253-66. doi: 10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60060-X.
Recently, the use of herbal medicines has been increased all over the world due to their therapeutic effects and fewer adverse effects as compared to the modern medicines. However, many herbal drugs and herbal extracts despite of their impressive in-vitro findings demonstrates less or negligible in-vivo activity due to their poor lipid solubility or improper molecular size, resulting in poor absorption and hence poor bioavailability. Nowadays with the advancement in the technology, novel drug delivery systems open the door towards the development of enhancing bioavailability of herbal drug delivery systems. For last one decade many novel carriers such as liposomes, microspheres, nanoparticles, transferosomes, ethosomes, lipid based systems etc. have been reported for successful modified delivery of various herbal drugs. Many herbal compounds including quercetin, genistein, naringin, sinomenine, piperine, glycyrrhizin and nitrile glycoside have demonstrated capability to enhance the bioavailability. The objective of this review is to summarize various available novel drug delivery technologies which have been developed for delivery of drugs (herbal), and to achieve better therapeutic response. An attempt has also been made to compile a profile on bioavailability enhancers of herbal origin with the mechanism of action (wherever reported) and studies on improvement in drug bioavailability, exhibited particularly by natural compounds.
近年来，由于草药具有治疗作用且与现代药物相比副作用较少，其在全球范围内的使用有所增加。然而，许多草药药物和草药提取物尽管在体外实验中有令人印象深刻的结果，但由于其脂溶性差或分子大小不合适，导致体内活性较低或可忽略不计，从而吸收不良，生物利用度也较差。如今，随着技术的进步，新型药物递送系统为提高草药药物递送系统的生物利用度开辟了道路。在过去十年中，已经报道了许多新型载体，如脂质体、微球、纳米颗粒、传递体、醇质体、脂质基系统等，用于成功改良各种草药药物的递送。许多草药化合物，包括槲皮素、染料木黄酮、柚皮苷、青藤碱、胡椒碱、甘草酸和腈苷，都已证明具有提高生物利用度的能力。本综述的目的是总结已开发的用于药物（草药）递送的各种新型药物递送技术，以实现更好的治疗效果。本文还尝试汇编一份关于草药来源的生物利用度增强剂的概况，包括其作用机制（如有报道）以及对药物生物利用度改善的研究，特别是天然化合物所表现出的研究。
