Jayawant Sandeep, Parr Jeremy, Vincent Angela
Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;113:1465-8. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-59565-2.00015-0.
Myasthenia gravis in children can be generalized or ocular, and associated with antibodies to acetylcholine receptors or muscle-specific kinase, but it can be negative for those antibodies (seronegative). It needs to be distinguished from congenital myasthenic syndromes and other neuromuscular diseases. In the perinatal period, transient neonatal myasthenia and arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, due to maternal antibodies, need to be considered. Juvenile myasthenia is similar in presentation and treatment to that in adults. Here we present guidelines for recognition, diagnosis, and treatment.
儿童重症肌无力可分为全身型或眼肌型,与抗乙酰胆碱受体或肌肉特异性激酶抗体相关,但这些抗体检测可能为阴性(血清阴性)。它需要与先天性肌无力综合征及其他神经肌肉疾病相鉴别。在围产期,需考虑由母体抗体引起的短暂性新生儿重症肌无力和先天性多发性关节挛缩症。青少年重症肌无力在临床表现和治疗方面与成人相似。在此,我们给出识别、诊断及治疗指南。