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Sci Total Environ. 2013 Jul 1;456-457:359-69. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.088. Epub 2013 Apr 25.
This study examined the performance of 16 wastewater treatment works to provide an overview of trace substance removal in relation to meeting the objectives of the Water Framework Directive (WFD). Collection and analysis of over 2400 samples including sewage influent, process samples at different stages in the treatment process and final effluent has provided data on the performance of current wastewater treatment processes and made it possible to evaluate the need for improved effluent quality. Results for 55 substances, including metals, industrial chemicals and pharmaceuticals are reported. Data for sanitary parameters are also provided. A wide range of removal efficiencies was observed. Removal was not clearly related to the generic process type, indicating that other operational factors tend to be important. Nonetheless, removals for many substances of current concern were high. Despite this, current proposals for stringent water quality standards mean that further improvements in effluent quality are likely to be required.
本研究考察了 16 家污水处理厂的性能，以提供与满足水框架指令 (WFD) 目标有关的痕量物质去除的概述。采集和分析了超过 2400 个样本，包括污水进水、处理过程中不同阶段的过程样本以及最终出水，为当前污水处理工艺的性能提供了数据，并能够评估提高出水质量的必要性。报告了 55 种物质的结果，包括金属、工业化学品和药品。还提供了卫生参数的数据。观察到去除效率的范围很广。去除情况与通用工艺类型没有明显关系，表明其他操作因素往往更为重要。尽管如此，许多当前关注物质的去除率仍然很高。尽管如此，目前对于严格水质标准的建议意味着可能需要进一步提高出水质量。
