Graduate Institute of Physical Education, Health & Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, No1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
BMC Public Health. 2013 Apr 30;13:410. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-410.
Participation in leisure activities strongly associates with health and well-being. Little research has explored the relationship between participation in leisure activities and constraints on breastfeeding mothers during leisure activities. The purposes of this study are: 1) to investigate constraints on breastfeeding mothers during leisure activities and participation in leisure activities; 2) to investigate the differences between preferences for leisure activities and actual participation by breastfeeding mothers; 3) to segment breastfeeding mothers with similar patterns, using a cluster analysis based on the delineated participation in leisure activities and leisure preferences; 4) to explore any differences between clusters of breastfeeding mothers with respect to socio-demographic characteristics, breastfeeding behaviours and leisure constraints.
This study has a cross-sectional design using an online survey conducted among mothers having breastfeeding experiences of more than four months. The questionnaire includes demographic variables, breastfeeding behaviours, preferences for leisure activities participation, and constraints on leisure activities. Collection of data occurred between March and July 2011, producing 415 valid responses for analysis.
For breastfeeding mothers, this study identifies constraints on breastfeeding related to leisure activities in addition to the three traditional factors for constraints in the model. This study demonstrates that reports of constraints related to children, family, and nursing environments are the most frequent. Breastfeeding mothers in Taiwan participate regularly in family activities or activities related to their children. Cluster analysis classified breastfeeding mothers into Action and Contemplation groups, and found that mothers within the latter group participate less in leisure activities and experienced more constraints related to breastfeeding.
Implications provide a developmental design for public health policies for nursing-friendly environments to increase opportunities for breastfeeding mothers to engage in leisure activities and suggest various types of activities to increase participation of that population.
参与休闲活动与健康和幸福感密切相关。很少有研究探讨过参与休闲活动与母乳喂养母亲在休闲活动中面临的限制之间的关系。本研究的目的是：1）调查母乳喂养母亲在休闲活动中面临的限制以及参与休闲活动的情况；2）调查母乳喂养母亲对休闲活动的偏好和实际参与之间的差异；3）使用基于休闲活动参与和休闲偏好划定的聚类分析，对具有相似模式的母乳喂养母亲进行细分；4）探讨母乳喂养母亲群体在社会人口特征、母乳喂养行为和休闲限制方面的任何差异。
本研究采用横断面设计，通过在线调查对有超过四个月母乳喂养经验的母亲进行调查。问卷包括人口统计学变量、母乳喂养行为、参与休闲活动的偏好以及休闲活动的限制。数据收集于 2011 年 3 月至 7 月之间进行，共产生 415 份有效回复进行分析。
对于母乳喂养母亲，除了模型中传统的三个限制因素外，本研究还确定了与休闲活动相关的母乳喂养限制。本研究表明，与儿童、家庭和护理环境相关的限制报告最为频繁。台湾的母乳喂养母亲经常参与家庭活动或与子女相关的活动。聚类分析将母乳喂养母亲分为行动组和思考组，发现后者组的母亲较少参与休闲活动，并且面临更多与母乳喂养相关的限制。
研究结果为促进母乳喂养母亲参与休闲活动的友好护理环境的公共卫生政策提供了发展性设计，并提出了各种类型的活动来增加该人群的参与度。
