Karaçam Zekiye
Adnan Menderes University, Aydin School of Health, Aydin, Turkey.
J Clin Nurs. 2008 Feb;17(3):341-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2007.01936.x. Epub 2007 Nov 14.
The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that affect exclusive breastfeeding of healthy babies aged 0-4 months.
Both the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF recommend feeding babies of 0-6 months exclusively with breast milk and starting complementary foods after the sixth month. In Turkey, however, a vast majority of babies 1-5 months of age (89.4%) are given complementary foods.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in central Ankara province, with a sampling of 514 individuals who were selected using the convenience sampling method.
Of the 514 mothers who participated in my research, 260 (50.6%) were found to be feeding their babies exclusively with breast milk; 77 (15.0%), with breast milk + water; 87 (16.9%), with breast milk + baby formula; 70 (13.6%), with breast milk + baby formula + other foods; and 20 (3.9%), baby formula + other foods. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis results, the mother's employment [odds ratio (OR) = 0.488; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.288-0.827) considerably reduced the incidence of complementary foods, while frequent crying of the baby (OR = 1.687; 95% CI = 1.125-2.530) significantly increased the use of supplementary foods in infant nutrition.
This study concluded that frequent crying of the baby increases the likelihood of giving the baby complementary foods. Midwives and nurses can encourage exclusive breastfeeding behaviour by providing individual education and counselling to women whose babies cry frequently.
Exclusive breastfeeding of babies aged 0-6 months is crucial for the development and growth of the baby and instrumental in reducing infant morbidities and mortalities. One factor that increases the likelihood of provision of complementary foods is frequent crying of the baby. Midwives and nurses can encourage exclusive breastfeeding behaviour by providing individual education and counselling to women whose babies cry frequently.
本研究旨在确定影响0至4个月健康婴儿纯母乳喂养的因素。
世界卫生组织（WHO）和联合国儿童基金会均建议，0至6个月的婴儿应纯母乳喂养，并在6个月后开始添加辅食。然而，在土耳其，绝大多数1至5个月大的婴儿（89.4%）都食用了辅食。
本横断面研究在安卡拉省中部进行，采用便利抽样法选取了514名个体作为样本。
在参与我研究的514名母亲中，发现260名（50.6%）纯母乳喂养婴儿；77名（15.0%）母乳喂养加喂水；87名（16.9%）母乳喂养加婴儿配方奶粉；70名（13.6%）母乳喂养加婴儿配方奶粉加其他食物；20名（3.9%）喂婴儿配方奶粉加其他食物。基于多因素逻辑回归分析结果，母亲就业[比值比（OR）=0.488；95%置信区间（CI）=0.288 - 0.827]显著降低了辅食添加率，而婴儿频繁哭闹（OR = 1.687；95%CI = 1.125 - 2.530）显著增加了婴儿营养中辅食的使用。
本研究得出结论，婴儿频繁哭闹会增加给婴儿添加辅食的可能性。助产士和护士可以通过对婴儿频繁哭闹的女性提供个性化教育和咨询，来鼓励纯母乳喂养行为。
0至6个月婴儿的纯母乳喂养对婴儿的发育和成长至关重要，有助于降低婴儿发病率和死亡率。增加辅食添加可能性的一个因素是婴儿频繁哭闹。助产士和护士可以通过对婴儿频繁哭闹的女性提供个性化教育和咨询，来鼓励纯母乳喂养行为。
