Dept. of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4.
Chem Soc Rev. 2013 Jul 21;42(14):5996-6005. doi: 10.1039/c3cs60119f.
The trisulfur radical anion [S3]˙(-) is well-known from inorganic chemistry textbooks as the blue chromophore in ultramarine blues in which this highly reactive species is trapped in a zeolitic framework. Recent findings have revealed that [S3]˙(-) has a multi-faceted role in a variety of media, including alkali metal-sulfur batteries, aqueous solutions at high temperatures and pressures, and ionic liquids; it has also been used to detect trace amounts of water in organic solvents. This tutorial review illustrates how various physical techniques are used to identify a reactive species in solution and shows how elucidation of electronic structures can be used to explain spectroscopic and structural properties. Examples of the function of [S3]˙(-) in materials science, electrochemistry, analytical chemistry and geochemistry are used to illustrate the widespread influence of this fundamentally important triatomic sulfur species.
三硫自由基阴离子[S3]˙(-)在无机化学教科书中是众所周知的，它是天青石蓝色中的蓝色生色团，在这种高度反应性的物质被捕获在沸石骨架中。最近的发现表明，[S3]˙(-)在各种介质中扮演着多种角色，包括碱金属-硫电池、高温高压水溶液和离子液体；它也被用于检测有机溶剂中痕量的水。本教程综述说明了如何使用各种物理技术来识别溶液中的反应性物质，并展示了如何阐明电子结构可以用来解释光谱和结构性质。[S3]˙(-)在材料科学、电化学、分析化学和地球化学中的功能示例用于说明这种基本重要的三原子硫物种的广泛影响。
