微小RNA在胃癌中的作用。

Nishizawa Toshihiro, Suzuki Hidekazu

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.

Int J Mol Sci. 2013 Apr 29;14(5):9487-96. doi: 10.3390/ijms14059487.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the main cause of gastritis, gastro-duodenal ulcer, and gastric cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that function as endogenous silencers of numerous target genes. Many miRNA genes are expressed in a tissue-specific manner and play important roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. Recent discoveries have shed new light on the involvement of miRNAs in gastric malignancy. However, at the same time, several miRNAs have been associated with opposing events, leading to reduced inflammation, inhibition of malignancy, and increased apoptosis of transformed cells. The regulation of miRNA expression could be a novel strategy in the chemoprevention of human gastric malignancy. In this article, the biological importance of miRNAs in gastric malignancy is summarized.

幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）感染是胃炎、胃十二指肠溃疡和胃癌的主要病因。微小RNA（miRNAs）是一类小的非编码RNA，作为众多靶基因的内源性沉默子发挥作用。许多miRNA基因以组织特异性方式表达，并在细胞增殖、凋亡和分化中发挥重要作用。最近的发现为miRNAs参与胃癌发生提供了新的线索。然而，与此同时，一些miRNAs与相反的事件相关，导致炎症减轻、恶性肿瘤抑制以及转化细胞凋亡增加。miRNA表达的调控可能是人类胃癌化学预防的一种新策略。本文总结了miRNAs在胃癌发生中的生物学重要性。