Choi Jean H, Chung Kyong-Mee, Park Keeho
Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
National Cancer Center, Cancer Information and Education Branch, Goyang-si, Korea.
Psychooncology. 2013 Oct;22(10):2253-61. doi: 10.1002/pon.3278. Epub 2013 Apr 29.
The present study aimed to examine whether demographic as well as psychosocial variables related to the five stages of change of the Transtheoretical Model can predict non-clinical adults' cancer preventive and health-promoting behaviors. This study specifically focused on cancer, one of the major chronic diseases, which is a serious threat of national health.
A total of 1530 adults participated in the study and completed questionnaires. Collected data were analyzed by using multinominal logistic regression.
The significant predictors of later stages varied among the types of health-promoting behaviors. Certain cancer preventive health-promoting behaviors such as well-balanced diet and exercise were significantly associated with psychosocial variables including cancer prevention-related self-efficacy, personality traits, psychosocial stress, and social support. On the other hand, smoking cessation and moderate or abstinence from drinking were more likely to be predicted by demographic variables including sex and age.
The present study found that in addition to self-efficacy-a relatively well-studied psychological variable-other personality traits and psychological factors including introversion, neuroticism, psychosocial stress, and social support also significantly predicted later stages of change with respect to cancer preventive health-promoting behaviors. The implications of this study are also discussed.
本研究旨在探讨与跨理论模型的五个改变阶段相关的人口统计学和社会心理变量是否能够预测非临床成年人的癌症预防和健康促进行为。本研究特别关注癌症这一主要慢性病之一，它对国民健康构成严重威胁。
共有1530名成年人参与了本研究并完成了问卷调查。采用多项逻辑回归分析收集到的数据。
不同类型的健康促进行为中，后期阶段的显著预测因素各不相同。某些癌症预防健康促进行为，如均衡饮食和锻炼，与包括癌症预防相关自我效能感、人格特质、社会心理压力和社会支持在内的社会心理变量显著相关。另一方面，戒烟以及适度饮酒或戒酒更有可能由包括性别和年龄在内的人口统计学变量预测。
本研究发现，除了自我效能感（一个研究相对充分的心理变量）之外，其他人格特质和心理因素，包括内向性、神经质、社会心理压力和社会支持，也显著预测了癌症预防健康促进行为改变的后期阶段。本研究的意义也进行了讨论。
